Lipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins and psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency room visits in US Veterans with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits are costly, stigmatizing, and often ineffective. Given the immune and kynurenine activation in bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia, as well as the immune-modulatory effects of statins, we aimed to compare the relative risk (RRs) o...

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Autores principales:	Postolache Teodor T., Medoff Deborah R., Brown Clayton H., Fang Li Juan, Upadhyaya Sanjaya K., Lowry Christopher A., Miller Michael, Kreyenbuhl Julie A.
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	De Gruyter 2021
Materias:	statins lipophilia hospitalization schizophrenia bipolar Crystallography QD901-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8eb1ac2a02b74cca830a340517b30d47
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8eb1ac2a02b74cca830a340517b30d472021-12-05T14:11:02ZLipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins and psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency room visits in US Veterans with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder2195-472010.1515/pteridines-2020-0028https://doaj.org/article/8eb1ac2a02b74cca830a340517b30d472021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0028https://doaj.org/toc/2195-4720Psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits are costly, stigmatizing, and often ineffective. Given the immune and kynurenine activation in bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia, as well as the immune-modulatory effects of statins, we aimed to compare the relative risk (RRs) of psychiatric hospitalizations and ED visits between individuals prescribed lipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins vs. no statins. We hypothesized (a) reduced rates of hospitalization and ER utilization with statins versus no statins and (b) differences in outcomes between statins, as lipophilia increases the capability to penetrate the blood–brain barrier with potentially beneficial neuroimmune, antioxidant, neuroprotective, neurotrophic, and endothelial stabilizing effects, and, in contrast, potentially detrimental decreases in brain cholesterol concentrations leading to serotoninergic dysfunction, changes in membrane lipid composition, thus affecting ion channels and receptors.Postolache Teodor T.Medoff Deborah R.Brown Clayton H.Fang Li JuanUpadhyaya Sanjaya K.Lowry Christopher A.Miller MichaelKreyenbuhl Julie A.De GruyterarticlestatinslipophiliahospitalizationschizophreniabipolarCrystallographyQD901-999ENPteridines, Vol 32, Iss 1, Pp 48-69 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	statins lipophilia hospitalization schizophrenia bipolar Crystallography QD901-999
spellingShingle	statins lipophilia hospitalization schizophrenia bipolar Crystallography QD901-999 Postolache Teodor T. Medoff Deborah R. Brown Clayton H. Fang Li Juan Upadhyaya Sanjaya K. Lowry Christopher A. Miller Michael Kreyenbuhl Julie A. Lipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins and psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency room visits in US Veterans with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
description	Psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits are costly, stigmatizing, and often ineffective. Given the immune and kynurenine activation in bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia, as well as the immune-modulatory effects of statins, we aimed to compare the relative risk (RRs) of psychiatric hospitalizations and ED visits between individuals prescribed lipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins vs. no statins. We hypothesized (a) reduced rates of hospitalization and ER utilization with statins versus no statins and (b) differences in outcomes between statins, as lipophilia increases the capability to penetrate the blood–brain barrier with potentially beneficial neuroimmune, antioxidant, neuroprotective, neurotrophic, and endothelial stabilizing effects, and, in contrast, potentially detrimental decreases in brain cholesterol concentrations leading to serotoninergic dysfunction, changes in membrane lipid composition, thus affecting ion channels and receptors.
format	article
author	Postolache Teodor T. Medoff Deborah R. Brown Clayton H. Fang Li Juan Upadhyaya Sanjaya K. Lowry Christopher A. Miller Michael Kreyenbuhl Julie A.
author_facet	Postolache Teodor T. Medoff Deborah R. Brown Clayton H. Fang Li Juan Upadhyaya Sanjaya K. Lowry Christopher A. Miller Michael Kreyenbuhl Julie A.
author_sort	Postolache Teodor T.
title	Lipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins and psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency room visits in US Veterans with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
title_short	Lipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins and psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency room visits in US Veterans with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
title_full	Lipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins and psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency room visits in US Veterans with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
title_fullStr	Lipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins and psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency room visits in US Veterans with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
title_full_unstemmed	Lipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins and psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency room visits in US Veterans with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
title_sort	lipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins and psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency room visits in us veterans with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
publisher	De Gruyter
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8eb1ac2a02b74cca830a340517b30d47
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Lipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins and psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency room visits in US Veterans with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

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