Methods for estimating quantities and qualities (Q&Q) of faecal sludge: field evaluation in Sircilla, India

Estimates of accumulated quantities and qualities (Q&Q) of faecal sludge are essential for developing city-wide management plans. However, standardized approaches are lacking, and examples in scientific literature make use of diverse methodologies and parameters, making their comparability and t...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Prerna Prasad, Nienke Andriessen, Anantha Moorthy, Amrita Das, Kayla Coppens, Rohini Pradeep, Linda Strande
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	accumulation rate method evaluation pit latrine sanitation septic tank sludge blanket Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8efefdaafba44e3e8805648e0f3a0d27
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:8efefdaafba44e3e8805648e0f3a0d27
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8efefdaafba44e3e8805648e0f3a0d272021-11-05T19:32:14ZMethods for estimating quantities and qualities (Q&Q) of faecal sludge: field evaluation in Sircilla, India2043-90832408-936210.2166/washdev.2021.269https://doaj.org/article/8efefdaafba44e3e8805648e0f3a0d272021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttp://washdev.iwaponline.com/content/11/3/494https://doaj.org/toc/2043-9083https://doaj.org/toc/2408-9362Estimates of accumulated quantities and qualities (Q&Q) of faecal sludge are essential for developing city-wide management plans. However, standardized approaches are lacking, and examples in scientific literature make use of diverse methodologies and parameters, making their comparability and transferability difficult. This study field-tested an approach for estimating Q&Q in Sircilla, India, and compared three methods for measuring accumulated sludge: (1) faecal sludge accumulation rate from in situ measurement with a core sampler; (2) faecal sludge accumulation rate with volume emptied by desludging truck; and (3) sludge blanket accumulation rate in situ with a core sampler. Measurements were taken at households and commercial establishments, samples were analysed for characteristics, and demographic, environmental, and technical data were collected with a questionnaire. The median total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations for all containments were 26.8, 17.8, and 32.0 g/L, respectively. The median faecal sludge accumulation rate estimated with the core sampler and truck were 53 and 96 L/cap·year, respectively. The median sludge blanket accumulation rate was 17 L/cap·year. Continued data collection in this fashion will lead to a better understanding of what is accumulating in onsite containments at regional levels. HIGHLIGHTS Comparison of methodologies to estimate the total faecal sludge and sludge blanket accumulation rate.; The selection of Q&Q measurement methods should be based on defined objectives and available resources.; Q&Q studies conducted in this fashion will lead to more locally relevant accumulation rates than standard values.;Prerna PrasadNienke AndriessenAnantha MoorthyAmrita DasKayla CoppensRohini PradeepLinda StrandeIWA Publishingarticleaccumulation ratemethod evaluationpit latrinesanitationseptic tanksludge blanketEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066ENJournal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, Vol 11, Iss 3, Pp 494-504 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	accumulation rate method evaluation pit latrine sanitation septic tank sludge blanket Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
spellingShingle	accumulation rate method evaluation pit latrine sanitation septic tank sludge blanket Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Prerna Prasad Nienke Andriessen Anantha Moorthy Amrita Das Kayla Coppens Rohini Pradeep Linda Strande Methods for estimating quantities and qualities (Q&Q) of faecal sludge: field evaluation in Sircilla, India
description	Estimates of accumulated quantities and qualities (Q&Q) of faecal sludge are essential for developing city-wide management plans. However, standardized approaches are lacking, and examples in scientific literature make use of diverse methodologies and parameters, making their comparability and transferability difficult. This study field-tested an approach for estimating Q&Q in Sircilla, India, and compared three methods for measuring accumulated sludge: (1) faecal sludge accumulation rate from in situ measurement with a core sampler; (2) faecal sludge accumulation rate with volume emptied by desludging truck; and (3) sludge blanket accumulation rate in situ with a core sampler. Measurements were taken at households and commercial establishments, samples were analysed for characteristics, and demographic, environmental, and technical data were collected with a questionnaire. The median total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations for all containments were 26.8, 17.8, and 32.0 g/L, respectively. The median faecal sludge accumulation rate estimated with the core sampler and truck were 53 and 96 L/cap·year, respectively. The median sludge blanket accumulation rate was 17 L/cap·year. Continued data collection in this fashion will lead to a better understanding of what is accumulating in onsite containments at regional levels. HIGHLIGHTS Comparison of methodologies to estimate the total faecal sludge and sludge blanket accumulation rate.; The selection of Q&Q measurement methods should be based on defined objectives and available resources.; Q&Q studies conducted in this fashion will lead to more locally relevant accumulation rates than standard values.;
format	article
author	Prerna Prasad Nienke Andriessen Anantha Moorthy Amrita Das Kayla Coppens Rohini Pradeep Linda Strande
author_facet	Prerna Prasad Nienke Andriessen Anantha Moorthy Amrita Das Kayla Coppens Rohini Pradeep Linda Strande
author_sort	Prerna Prasad
title	Methods for estimating quantities and qualities (Q&Q) of faecal sludge: field evaluation in Sircilla, India
title_short	Methods for estimating quantities and qualities (Q&Q) of faecal sludge: field evaluation in Sircilla, India
title_full	Methods for estimating quantities and qualities (Q&Q) of faecal sludge: field evaluation in Sircilla, India
title_fullStr	Methods for estimating quantities and qualities (Q&Q) of faecal sludge: field evaluation in Sircilla, India
title_full_unstemmed	Methods for estimating quantities and qualities (Q&Q) of faecal sludge: field evaluation in Sircilla, India
title_sort	methods for estimating quantities and qualities (q&q) of faecal sludge: field evaluation in sircilla, india
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8efefdaafba44e3e8805648e0f3a0d27
work_keys_str_mv	AT prernaprasad methodsforestimatingquantitiesandqualitiesqqoffaecalsludgefieldevaluationinsircillaindia AT nienkeandriessen methodsforestimatingquantitiesandqualitiesqqoffaecalsludgefieldevaluationinsircillaindia AT ananthamoorthy methodsforestimatingquantitiesandqualitiesqqoffaecalsludgefieldevaluationinsircillaindia AT amritadas methodsforestimatingquantitiesandqualitiesqqoffaecalsludgefieldevaluationinsircillaindia AT kaylacoppens methodsforestimatingquantitiesandqualitiesqqoffaecalsludgefieldevaluationinsircillaindia AT rohinipradeep methodsforestimatingquantitiesandqualitiesqqoffaecalsludgefieldevaluationinsircillaindia AT lindastrande methodsforestimatingquantitiesandqualitiesqqoffaecalsludgefieldevaluationinsircillaindia
_version_	1718444051037945856

Methods for estimating quantities and qualities (Q&Q) of faecal sludge: field evaluation in Sircilla, India

Ejemplares similares