Shouting strengthens maximal voluntary force and is associated with augmented pupillary dilation

Abstract Previous research has demonstrated that human maximal voluntary force is generally limited by neural inhibition. Producing a shout during maximal exertion effort enhances the force levels of maximal voluntary contraction. However, the mechanisms underlying this enhancement effect on force p...

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Autores principales:	Yudai Takarada, Daichi Nozaki
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8f0812c3b52c43d199dc118905d8bcb0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8f0812c3b52c43d199dc118905d8bcb02021-12-02T18:33:55ZShouting strengthens maximal voluntary force and is associated with augmented pupillary dilation10.1038/s41598-021-97949-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8f0812c3b52c43d199dc118905d8bcb02021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97949-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Previous research has demonstrated that human maximal voluntary force is generally limited by neural inhibition. Producing a shout during maximal exertion effort enhances the force levels of maximal voluntary contraction. However, the mechanisms underlying this enhancement effect on force production remain unclear. We investigated the influence of producing a shout on the pupil-linked neuromodulatory system state by examining pupil size. We also examined its effects on the motor system state by examining motor evoked potentials in response to transcranial magnetic stimulation applied over the contralateral primary motor cortex, and by evaluating handgrip maximal voluntary force. Analysis revealed that producing a shout significantly increased handgrip maximal voluntary force, followed by an increase in pupil size and a reduction of the cortical silent period. Our results indicate that producing a shout increased handgrip maximal voluntary force through the enhancement of motor cortical excitability, possibly via the enhancement of noradrenergic system activity. This study provides evidence that the muscular force-enhancing effect of shouting during maximal force exertion is related to both the motor system state and the pupil-linked neuromodulatory system state.Yudai TakaradaDaichi NozakiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Yudai Takarada Daichi Nozaki Shouting strengthens maximal voluntary force and is associated with augmented pupillary dilation
description	Abstract Previous research has demonstrated that human maximal voluntary force is generally limited by neural inhibition. Producing a shout during maximal exertion effort enhances the force levels of maximal voluntary contraction. However, the mechanisms underlying this enhancement effect on force production remain unclear. We investigated the influence of producing a shout on the pupil-linked neuromodulatory system state by examining pupil size. We also examined its effects on the motor system state by examining motor evoked potentials in response to transcranial magnetic stimulation applied over the contralateral primary motor cortex, and by evaluating handgrip maximal voluntary force. Analysis revealed that producing a shout significantly increased handgrip maximal voluntary force, followed by an increase in pupil size and a reduction of the cortical silent period. Our results indicate that producing a shout increased handgrip maximal voluntary force through the enhancement of motor cortical excitability, possibly via the enhancement of noradrenergic system activity. This study provides evidence that the muscular force-enhancing effect of shouting during maximal force exertion is related to both the motor system state and the pupil-linked neuromodulatory system state.
format	article
author	Yudai Takarada Daichi Nozaki
author_facet	Yudai Takarada Daichi Nozaki
author_sort	Yudai Takarada
title	Shouting strengthens maximal voluntary force and is associated with augmented pupillary dilation
title_short	Shouting strengthens maximal voluntary force and is associated with augmented pupillary dilation
title_full	Shouting strengthens maximal voluntary force and is associated with augmented pupillary dilation
title_fullStr	Shouting strengthens maximal voluntary force and is associated with augmented pupillary dilation
title_full_unstemmed	Shouting strengthens maximal voluntary force and is associated with augmented pupillary dilation
title_sort	shouting strengthens maximal voluntary force and is associated with augmented pupillary dilation
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8f0812c3b52c43d199dc118905d8bcb0
work_keys_str_mv	AT yudaitakarada shoutingstrengthensmaximalvoluntaryforceandisassociatedwithaugmentedpupillarydilation AT daichinozaki shoutingstrengthensmaximalvoluntaryforceandisassociatedwithaugmentedpupillarydilation
_version_	1718377932201656320

Shouting strengthens maximal voluntary force and is associated with augmented pupillary dilation

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