Eye Movements and Cognitive Functioning in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Network Analysis

Background: Eye movement parameters are often used during cognitive functioning assessments of patients with psychotic spectrum disorders. It is interesting to compare these oculomotor parameters with cognitive functions, as assessed using psychometric cognitive tests. A network analysis is preferab...

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Autores principales:	Alexander Shmukler, Alexander V. Latanov, Maria Karyakina, Victor N. Anisimov, Marina A. Churikova, Ivan S. Sukhachevsky, Valery A. Spektor
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	eye movements anti-saccades neurocognitive deficit network analysis schizophrenia spectrum disorders processing speed Psychiatry RC435-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8f46e4c39e9241daa934bfeb02170394
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8f46e4c39e9241daa934bfeb021703942021-11-10T06:54:08ZEye Movements and Cognitive Functioning in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Network Analysis1664-064010.3389/fpsyt.2021.736228https://doaj.org/article/8f46e4c39e9241daa934bfeb021703942021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.736228/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-0640Background: Eye movement parameters are often used during cognitive functioning assessments of patients with psychotic spectrum disorders. It is interesting to compare these oculomotor parameters with cognitive functions, as assessed using psychometric cognitive tests. A network analysis is preferable for understanding complex systems; therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the multidimensional relationships that exist between oculomotor reactions and neurocognition in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Materials and Methods: A total of 134 subjects (93 inpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (ICD-10) and 41 healthy volunteers) participated in this study. Psychiatric symptom severity was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia, and the Young Mania Rating Scale. Extrapyramidal symptoms were assessed using the Simpson-Angus Scale, and akathisia was assessed using the Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale. Eye movements were recorded using an eye-tracker SMI RED 500, and cognitive function was assessed using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia. The statistical analyses were conducted using Minitab 17 Statistical Software, version 17.2.1. Data visualization and additional analyses were performed in the R 4.0.3 environment, using RStudio V 1.3.1093 software.Results: A network model of neurocognitive and oculomotor functions was constructed for the patients. In the full network (which includes all correlations) the median antisaccade latency value is the central element of the oculomotor domain, and the Symbol Coding test, the Digit Sequencing test, and the Verbal Fluency test are central elements in the neurocognitive domain. Additionally, there were connections between other cognitive and oculomotor functions, except for the antisaccade error latency in the oculomotor domain and the Token Motor Task in the neurocognitive domain.Conclusion: Network analysis provides measurable criteria for the assessment of neurophysiological and neurocognitive abnormalities in patients with schizophrenic spectrum disorders and allows to select key targets for their management and cognitive remediation.Alexander ShmuklerAlexander V. LatanovMaria KaryakinaVictor N. AnisimovMarina A. ChurikovaIvan S. SukhachevskyValery A. SpektorFrontiers Media S.A.articleeye movementsanti-saccadesneurocognitive deficitnetwork analysisschizophrenia spectrum disordersprocessing speedPsychiatryRC435-571ENFrontiers in Psychiatry, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	eye movements anti-saccades neurocognitive deficit network analysis schizophrenia spectrum disorders processing speed Psychiatry RC435-571
spellingShingle	eye movements anti-saccades neurocognitive deficit network analysis schizophrenia spectrum disorders processing speed Psychiatry RC435-571 Alexander Shmukler Alexander V. Latanov Maria Karyakina Victor N. Anisimov Marina A. Churikova Ivan S. Sukhachevsky Valery A. Spektor Eye Movements and Cognitive Functioning in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Network Analysis
description	Background: Eye movement parameters are often used during cognitive functioning assessments of patients with psychotic spectrum disorders. It is interesting to compare these oculomotor parameters with cognitive functions, as assessed using psychometric cognitive tests. A network analysis is preferable for understanding complex systems; therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the multidimensional relationships that exist between oculomotor reactions and neurocognition in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Materials and Methods: A total of 134 subjects (93 inpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (ICD-10) and 41 healthy volunteers) participated in this study. Psychiatric symptom severity was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia, and the Young Mania Rating Scale. Extrapyramidal symptoms were assessed using the Simpson-Angus Scale, and akathisia was assessed using the Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale. Eye movements were recorded using an eye-tracker SMI RED 500, and cognitive function was assessed using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia. The statistical analyses were conducted using Minitab 17 Statistical Software, version 17.2.1. Data visualization and additional analyses were performed in the R 4.0.3 environment, using RStudio V 1.3.1093 software.Results: A network model of neurocognitive and oculomotor functions was constructed for the patients. In the full network (which includes all correlations) the median antisaccade latency value is the central element of the oculomotor domain, and the Symbol Coding test, the Digit Sequencing test, and the Verbal Fluency test are central elements in the neurocognitive domain. Additionally, there were connections between other cognitive and oculomotor functions, except for the antisaccade error latency in the oculomotor domain and the Token Motor Task in the neurocognitive domain.Conclusion: Network analysis provides measurable criteria for the assessment of neurophysiological and neurocognitive abnormalities in patients with schizophrenic spectrum disorders and allows to select key targets for their management and cognitive remediation.
format	article
author	Alexander Shmukler Alexander V. Latanov Maria Karyakina Victor N. Anisimov Marina A. Churikova Ivan S. Sukhachevsky Valery A. Spektor
author_facet	Alexander Shmukler Alexander V. Latanov Maria Karyakina Victor N. Anisimov Marina A. Churikova Ivan S. Sukhachevsky Valery A. Spektor
author_sort	Alexander Shmukler
title	Eye Movements and Cognitive Functioning in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Network Analysis
title_short	Eye Movements and Cognitive Functioning in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Network Analysis
title_full	Eye Movements and Cognitive Functioning in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Network Analysis
title_fullStr	Eye Movements and Cognitive Functioning in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Network Analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Eye Movements and Cognitive Functioning in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Network Analysis
title_sort	eye movements and cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: network analysis
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8f46e4c39e9241daa934bfeb02170394
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Eye Movements and Cognitive Functioning in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Network Analysis

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