Margin of Exposure Analyses and Overall Toxic Effects of Alcohol with Special Consideration of Carcinogenicity

Quantitative assessments of the health risk of the constituents of alcoholic beverages including ethanol are reported in the literature, generally with hepatotoxic effects considered as the endpoint. Risk assessment studies on minor compounds such as mycotoxins, metals, and other contaminants are al...

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Autores principales:	Alex O. Okaru, Dirk W. Lachenmeier
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	alcohol risk assessment hepatotoxicity dose–response relationship margin of exposure epidemiological methods Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8f5e711efce549ecb534cf102d31bcbe
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8f5e711efce549ecb534cf102d31bcbe2021-11-25T18:34:01ZMargin of Exposure Analyses and Overall Toxic Effects of Alcohol with Special Consideration of Carcinogenicity10.3390/nu131137852072-6643https://doaj.org/article/8f5e711efce549ecb534cf102d31bcbe2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3785https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Quantitative assessments of the health risk of the constituents of alcoholic beverages including ethanol are reported in the literature, generally with hepatotoxic effects considered as the endpoint. Risk assessment studies on minor compounds such as mycotoxins, metals, and other contaminants are also available on carcinogenicity as the endpoint. This review seeks to highlight population cancer risks due to alcohol consumption using the margin of exposure methodology. The individual and cumulative health risk contribution of each component in alcoholic beverages is highlighted. Overall, the results obtained consistently show that the ethanol contributes the bulk of harmful effects of alcoholic beverages, while all other compounds only contribute in a minor fashion (less than 1% compared to ethanol). Our data provide compelling evidence that policy should be focused on reducing total alcohol intake (recorded and unrecorded), while measures on other compounds should be only secondary to this goal.Alex O. OkaruDirk W. LachenmeierMDPI AGarticlealcoholrisk assessmenthepatotoxicitydose–response relationshipmargin of exposureepidemiological methodsNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3785, p 3785 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	alcohol risk assessment hepatotoxicity dose–response relationship margin of exposure epidemiological methods Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	alcohol risk assessment hepatotoxicity dose–response relationship margin of exposure epidemiological methods Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Alex O. Okaru Dirk W. Lachenmeier Margin of Exposure Analyses and Overall Toxic Effects of Alcohol with Special Consideration of Carcinogenicity
description	Quantitative assessments of the health risk of the constituents of alcoholic beverages including ethanol are reported in the literature, generally with hepatotoxic effects considered as the endpoint. Risk assessment studies on minor compounds such as mycotoxins, metals, and other contaminants are also available on carcinogenicity as the endpoint. This review seeks to highlight population cancer risks due to alcohol consumption using the margin of exposure methodology. The individual and cumulative health risk contribution of each component in alcoholic beverages is highlighted. Overall, the results obtained consistently show that the ethanol contributes the bulk of harmful effects of alcoholic beverages, while all other compounds only contribute in a minor fashion (less than 1% compared to ethanol). Our data provide compelling evidence that policy should be focused on reducing total alcohol intake (recorded and unrecorded), while measures on other compounds should be only secondary to this goal.
format	article
author	Alex O. Okaru Dirk W. Lachenmeier
author_facet	Alex O. Okaru Dirk W. Lachenmeier
author_sort	Alex O. Okaru
title	Margin of Exposure Analyses and Overall Toxic Effects of Alcohol with Special Consideration of Carcinogenicity
title_short	Margin of Exposure Analyses and Overall Toxic Effects of Alcohol with Special Consideration of Carcinogenicity
title_full	Margin of Exposure Analyses and Overall Toxic Effects of Alcohol with Special Consideration of Carcinogenicity
title_fullStr	Margin of Exposure Analyses and Overall Toxic Effects of Alcohol with Special Consideration of Carcinogenicity
title_full_unstemmed	Margin of Exposure Analyses and Overall Toxic Effects of Alcohol with Special Consideration of Carcinogenicity
title_sort	margin of exposure analyses and overall toxic effects of alcohol with special consideration of carcinogenicity
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8f5e711efce549ecb534cf102d31bcbe
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Margin of Exposure Analyses and Overall Toxic Effects of Alcohol with Special Consideration of Carcinogenicity

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