Current Knowledge on Mechanisms Preventing Photosynthesis Redox Imbalance in Plants

Photosynthesis includes a set of redox reactions that are the source of reducing power and energy for the assimilation of inorganic carbon, nitrogen and sulphur, thus generating organic compounds, and oxygen, which supports life on Earth. As sessile organisms, plants have to face continuous changes...

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Autores principales:	María-Cruz González, Francisco Javier Cejudo, Mariam Sahrawy, Antonio Jesús Serrato
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	thioredoxins (TRX) photosynthesis redox NADPH thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC) non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) cyclic electron flow (CEF) Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8f9ec590eef84967b130c088622b2df9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8f9ec590eef84967b130c088622b2df92021-11-25T16:28:38ZCurrent Knowledge on Mechanisms Preventing Photosynthesis Redox Imbalance in Plants10.3390/antiox101117892076-3921https://doaj.org/article/8f9ec590eef84967b130c088622b2df92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/11/1789https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3921Photosynthesis includes a set of redox reactions that are the source of reducing power and energy for the assimilation of inorganic carbon, nitrogen and sulphur, thus generating organic compounds, and oxygen, which supports life on Earth. As sessile organisms, plants have to face continuous changes in environmental conditions and need to adjust the photosynthetic electron transport to prevent the accumulation of damaging oxygen by-products. The balance between photosynthetic cyclic and linear electron flows allows for the maintenance of a proper NADPH/ATP ratio that is adapted to the plant’s needs. In addition, different mechanisms to dissipate excess energy operate in plants to protect and optimise photosynthesis under adverse conditions. Recent reports show an important role of redox-based dithiol–disulphide interchanges, mediated both by classical and atypical chloroplast thioredoxins (TRXs), in the control of these photoprotective mechanisms. Moreover, membrane-anchored TRX-like proteins, such as HCF164, which transfer electrons from stromal TRXs to the thylakoid lumen, play a key role in the regulation of lumenal targets depending on the stromal redox poise. Interestingly, not all photoprotective players were reported to be under the control of TRXs. In this review, we discuss recent findings regarding the mechanisms that allow an appropriate electron flux to avoid the detrimental consequences of photosynthesis redox imbalances.María-Cruz GonzálezFrancisco Javier CejudoMariam SahrawyAntonio Jesús SerratoMDPI AGarticlethioredoxins (TRX)photosynthesisredoxNADPH thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC)non-photochemical quenching (NPQ)cyclic electron flow (CEF)Therapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENAntioxidants, Vol 10, Iss 1789, p 1789 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	thioredoxins (TRX) photosynthesis redox NADPH thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC) non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) cyclic electron flow (CEF) Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	thioredoxins (TRX) photosynthesis redox NADPH thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC) non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) cyclic electron flow (CEF) Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 María-Cruz González Francisco Javier Cejudo Mariam Sahrawy Antonio Jesús Serrato Current Knowledge on Mechanisms Preventing Photosynthesis Redox Imbalance in Plants
description	Photosynthesis includes a set of redox reactions that are the source of reducing power and energy for the assimilation of inorganic carbon, nitrogen and sulphur, thus generating organic compounds, and oxygen, which supports life on Earth. As sessile organisms, plants have to face continuous changes in environmental conditions and need to adjust the photosynthetic electron transport to prevent the accumulation of damaging oxygen by-products. The balance between photosynthetic cyclic and linear electron flows allows for the maintenance of a proper NADPH/ATP ratio that is adapted to the plant’s needs. In addition, different mechanisms to dissipate excess energy operate in plants to protect and optimise photosynthesis under adverse conditions. Recent reports show an important role of redox-based dithiol–disulphide interchanges, mediated both by classical and atypical chloroplast thioredoxins (TRXs), in the control of these photoprotective mechanisms. Moreover, membrane-anchored TRX-like proteins, such as HCF164, which transfer electrons from stromal TRXs to the thylakoid lumen, play a key role in the regulation of lumenal targets depending on the stromal redox poise. Interestingly, not all photoprotective players were reported to be under the control of TRXs. In this review, we discuss recent findings regarding the mechanisms that allow an appropriate electron flux to avoid the detrimental consequences of photosynthesis redox imbalances.
format	article
author	María-Cruz González Francisco Javier Cejudo Mariam Sahrawy Antonio Jesús Serrato
author_facet	María-Cruz González Francisco Javier Cejudo Mariam Sahrawy Antonio Jesús Serrato
author_sort	María-Cruz González
title	Current Knowledge on Mechanisms Preventing Photosynthesis Redox Imbalance in Plants
title_short	Current Knowledge on Mechanisms Preventing Photosynthesis Redox Imbalance in Plants
title_full	Current Knowledge on Mechanisms Preventing Photosynthesis Redox Imbalance in Plants
title_fullStr	Current Knowledge on Mechanisms Preventing Photosynthesis Redox Imbalance in Plants
title_full_unstemmed	Current Knowledge on Mechanisms Preventing Photosynthesis Redox Imbalance in Plants
title_sort	current knowledge on mechanisms preventing photosynthesis redox imbalance in plants
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8f9ec590eef84967b130c088622b2df9
work_keys_str_mv	AT mariacruzgonzalez currentknowledgeonmechanismspreventingphotosynthesisredoximbalanceinplants AT franciscojaviercejudo currentknowledgeonmechanismspreventingphotosynthesisredoximbalanceinplants AT mariamsahrawy currentknowledgeonmechanismspreventingphotosynthesisredoximbalanceinplants AT antoniojesusserrato currentknowledgeonmechanismspreventingphotosynthesisredoximbalanceinplants
_version_	1718413150755225600

Current Knowledge on Mechanisms Preventing Photosynthesis Redox Imbalance in Plants

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