Sexual selection halts the relaxation of protamine 2 among rodents.

Sexual selection has been proposed as the driving force promoting the rapid evolutionary changes observed in some reproductive genes including protamines. We test this hypothesis in a group of rodents which show marked differences in the intensity of sexual selection. Levels of sperm competition wer...

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Autores principales:	Lena Lüke, Alberto Vicens, Francois Serra, Juan Jose Luque-Larena, Hernán Dopazo, Eduardo R S Roldan, Montserrat Gomendio
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8fb5d444be194ac8854fe6175c47871f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8fb5d444be194ac8854fe6175c47871f2021-11-18T07:31:41ZSexual selection halts the relaxation of protamine 2 among rodents.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0029247https://doaj.org/article/8fb5d444be194ac8854fe6175c47871f2011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22216223/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Sexual selection has been proposed as the driving force promoting the rapid evolutionary changes observed in some reproductive genes including protamines. We test this hypothesis in a group of rodents which show marked differences in the intensity of sexual selection. Levels of sperm competition were not associated with the evolutionary rates of protamine 1 but, contrary to expectations, were negatively related to the evolutionary rate of cleaved- and mature-protamine 2. Since both domains were found to be under relaxation, our findings reveal an unforeseen role of sexual selection: to halt the degree of degeneration that proteins within families may experience due to functional redundancy. The degree of relaxation of protamine 2 in this group of rodents is such that in some species it has become dysfunctional and it is not expressed in mature spermatozoa. In contrast, protamine 1 is functionally conserved but shows directed positive selection on specific sites which are functionally relevant such as DNA-anchoring domains and phosphorylation sites. We conclude that in rodents protamine 2 is under relaxation and that sexual selection removes deleterious mutations among species with high levels of sperm competition to maintain the protein functional and the spermatozoa competitive.Lena LükeAlberto VicensFrancois SerraJuan Jose Luque-LarenaHernán DopazoEduardo R S RoldanMontserrat GomendioPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 12, p e29247 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Lena Lüke Alberto Vicens Francois Serra Juan Jose Luque-Larena Hernán Dopazo Eduardo R S Roldan Montserrat Gomendio Sexual selection halts the relaxation of protamine 2 among rodents.
description	Sexual selection has been proposed as the driving force promoting the rapid evolutionary changes observed in some reproductive genes including protamines. We test this hypothesis in a group of rodents which show marked differences in the intensity of sexual selection. Levels of sperm competition were not associated with the evolutionary rates of protamine 1 but, contrary to expectations, were negatively related to the evolutionary rate of cleaved- and mature-protamine 2. Since both domains were found to be under relaxation, our findings reveal an unforeseen role of sexual selection: to halt the degree of degeneration that proteins within families may experience due to functional redundancy. The degree of relaxation of protamine 2 in this group of rodents is such that in some species it has become dysfunctional and it is not expressed in mature spermatozoa. In contrast, protamine 1 is functionally conserved but shows directed positive selection on specific sites which are functionally relevant such as DNA-anchoring domains and phosphorylation sites. We conclude that in rodents protamine 2 is under relaxation and that sexual selection removes deleterious mutations among species with high levels of sperm competition to maintain the protein functional and the spermatozoa competitive.
format	article
author	Lena Lüke Alberto Vicens Francois Serra Juan Jose Luque-Larena Hernán Dopazo Eduardo R S Roldan Montserrat Gomendio
author_facet	Lena Lüke Alberto Vicens Francois Serra Juan Jose Luque-Larena Hernán Dopazo Eduardo R S Roldan Montserrat Gomendio
author_sort	Lena Lüke
title	Sexual selection halts the relaxation of protamine 2 among rodents.
title_short	Sexual selection halts the relaxation of protamine 2 among rodents.
title_full	Sexual selection halts the relaxation of protamine 2 among rodents.
title_fullStr	Sexual selection halts the relaxation of protamine 2 among rodents.
title_full_unstemmed	Sexual selection halts the relaxation of protamine 2 among rodents.
title_sort	sexual selection halts the relaxation of protamine 2 among rodents.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/8fb5d444be194ac8854fe6175c47871f
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Sexual selection halts the relaxation of protamine 2 among rodents.

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