Seasonal and temperature-associated increases in gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections among hospitalized patients.

<h4>Background</h4>Knowledge of seasonal trends in hospital-associated infection incidence may improve surveillance and help guide the design and evaluation of infection prevention interventions. We estimated seasonal variation in the frequencies of inpatient bloodstream infections (BSIs...

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Autores principales:	Michael R Eber, Michelle Shardell, Marin L Schweizer, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Eli N Perencevich
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8fc20a59c466486d939f591bdfe2d349
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8fc20a59c466486d939f591bdfe2d3492021-11-04T06:07:48ZSeasonal and temperature-associated increases in gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections among hospitalized patients.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0025298https://doaj.org/article/8fc20a59c466486d939f591bdfe2d3492011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21966489/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Knowledge of seasonal trends in hospital-associated infection incidence may improve surveillance and help guide the design and evaluation of infection prevention interventions. We estimated seasonal variation in the frequencies of inpatient bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by common bacterial pathogens and examined associations of monthly BSI frequencies with ambient outdoor temperature, precipitation, and humidity levels.<h4>Methods</h4>A database containing blood cultures from 132 U.S. hospitals collected between January 1999 and September 2006 was assembled. The database included monthly counts of inpatient blood cultures positive for several clinically important Gram-negative bacteria (Acinetobacter spp, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus spp and Staphylococcus aureus). Monthly mean temperature, total precipitation, and mean relative humidity in the postal ZIP codes of participating hospitals were obtained from national meteorological databases.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 211,697 inpatient BSIs were reported during 9,423 hospital-months. Adjusting for long-term trends, BSIs caused by each gram-negative organism examined were more frequent in summer months compared with winter months, with increases ranging from 12.2% for E. coli (95% CI 9.2-15.4) to 51.8% for Acinetobacter (95% CI 41.1-63.2). Summer season was associated with 8.7% fewer Enterococcus BSIs (95% CI 11.0-5.8) and no significant change in S. aureus BSI frequency relative to winter. Independent of season, monthly humidity, monthly precipitation, and long-term trends, each 5.6°C (10°F) rise in mean monthly temperature corresponded to increases in gram-negative bacterial BSI frequencies ranging between 3.5% for E. coli (95% CI 2.1-4.9) to 10.8% for Acinetobacter (95% CI 6.9-14.7). The same rise in mean monthly temperature corresponded to an increase of 2.2% in S. aureus BSI frequency (95% CI 1.3-3.2) but no significant change in Enterococcus BSI frequency.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Summer season and higher mean monthly outdoor temperature are associated with substantially increased frequency of BSIs, particularly among clinically important gram-negative bacteria.Michael R EberMichelle ShardellMarin L SchweizerRamanan LaxminarayanEli N PerencevichPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 9, p e25298 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Michael R Eber Michelle Shardell Marin L Schweizer Ramanan Laxminarayan Eli N Perencevich Seasonal and temperature-associated increases in gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections among hospitalized patients.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Knowledge of seasonal trends in hospital-associated infection incidence may improve surveillance and help guide the design and evaluation of infection prevention interventions. We estimated seasonal variation in the frequencies of inpatient bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by common bacterial pathogens and examined associations of monthly BSI frequencies with ambient outdoor temperature, precipitation, and humidity levels.<h4>Methods</h4>A database containing blood cultures from 132 U.S. hospitals collected between January 1999 and September 2006 was assembled. The database included monthly counts of inpatient blood cultures positive for several clinically important Gram-negative bacteria (Acinetobacter spp, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus spp and Staphylococcus aureus). Monthly mean temperature, total precipitation, and mean relative humidity in the postal ZIP codes of participating hospitals were obtained from national meteorological databases.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 211,697 inpatient BSIs were reported during 9,423 hospital-months. Adjusting for long-term trends, BSIs caused by each gram-negative organism examined were more frequent in summer months compared with winter months, with increases ranging from 12.2% for E. coli (95% CI 9.2-15.4) to 51.8% for Acinetobacter (95% CI 41.1-63.2). Summer season was associated with 8.7% fewer Enterococcus BSIs (95% CI 11.0-5.8) and no significant change in S. aureus BSI frequency relative to winter. Independent of season, monthly humidity, monthly precipitation, and long-term trends, each 5.6°C (10°F) rise in mean monthly temperature corresponded to increases in gram-negative bacterial BSI frequencies ranging between 3.5% for E. coli (95% CI 2.1-4.9) to 10.8% for Acinetobacter (95% CI 6.9-14.7). The same rise in mean monthly temperature corresponded to an increase of 2.2% in S. aureus BSI frequency (95% CI 1.3-3.2) but no significant change in Enterococcus BSI frequency.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Summer season and higher mean monthly outdoor temperature are associated with substantially increased frequency of BSIs, particularly among clinically important gram-negative bacteria.
format	article
author	Michael R Eber Michelle Shardell Marin L Schweizer Ramanan Laxminarayan Eli N Perencevich
author_facet	Michael R Eber Michelle Shardell Marin L Schweizer Ramanan Laxminarayan Eli N Perencevich
author_sort	Michael R Eber
title	Seasonal and temperature-associated increases in gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections among hospitalized patients.
title_short	Seasonal and temperature-associated increases in gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections among hospitalized patients.
title_full	Seasonal and temperature-associated increases in gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections among hospitalized patients.
title_fullStr	Seasonal and temperature-associated increases in gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections among hospitalized patients.
title_full_unstemmed	Seasonal and temperature-associated increases in gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections among hospitalized patients.
title_sort	seasonal and temperature-associated increases in gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections among hospitalized patients.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/8fc20a59c466486d939f591bdfe2d349
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Seasonal and temperature-associated increases in gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections among hospitalized patients.

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