Novel nanostructured biomaterials: implications for coronary stent thrombosis

Varvara Karagkiozaki,1,2 Panagiotis G Karagiannidis,1 Nikolaos Kalfagiannis,1 Paraskevi Kavatzikidou,1 Panagiotis Patsalas,3 Despoina Georgiou,1 Stergios Logothetidis11Lab for Thin Films &ndash; Nanosystems and Nanometrology (LTFN), Physics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, T...

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Autores principales:	Karagkiozaki V, Karagiannidis PG, Kalfagiannis N, Kavatzikidou P, Patsalas P, Georgiou D, Logothetidis S
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2012
Materias:	Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8fc4a64ccbcb442cab06b0e7a56afe99
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8fc4a64ccbcb442cab06b0e7a56afe992021-12-02T00:31:23ZNovel nanostructured biomaterials: implications for coronary stent thrombosis1176-91141178-2013https://doaj.org/article/8fc4a64ccbcb442cab06b0e7a56afe992012-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/novel-nanostructured-biomaterials-implications-for-coronary-stent-thro-a11765https://doaj.org/toc/1176-9114https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Varvara Karagkiozaki,1,2 Panagiotis G Karagiannidis,1 Nikolaos Kalfagiannis,1 Paraskevi Kavatzikidou,1 Panagiotis Patsalas,3 Despoina Georgiou,1 Stergios Logothetidis11Lab for Thin Films &ndash; Nanosystems and Nanometrology (LTFN), Physics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 2AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 3Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Epirus, GreeceBackground: Nanomedicine has the potential to revolutionize medicine and help clinicians to treat cardiovascular disease through the improvement of stents. Advanced nanomaterials and tools for monitoring cell&ndash;material interactions will aid in inhibiting stent thrombosis. Although titanium boron nitride (TiBN), titanium diboride, and carbon nanotube (CNT) thin films are emerging materials in the biomaterial field, the effect of their surface properties on platelet adhesion is relatively unexplored.Objective and methods: In this study, novel nanomaterials made of amorphous carbon, CNTs, titanium diboride, and TiBN were grown by vacuum deposition techniques to assess their role as potential stent coatings. Platelet response towards the nanostructured surfaces of the samples was analyzed in line with their physicochemical properties. As the stent skeleton is formed mainly of stainless steel, this material was used as reference material. Platelet adhesion studies were carried out by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy observations. A cell viability study was performed to assess the cytocompatibility of all thin film groups for 24 hours with a standard immortalized cell line.Results: The nanotopographic features of material surface, stoichiometry, and wetting properties were found to be significant factors in dictating platelet behavior and cell viability. The TiBN films with higher nitrogen contents were less thrombogenic compared with the biased carbon films and control. The carbon hybridization in carbon films and hydrophilicity, which were strongly dependent on the deposition process and its parameters, affected the thrombogenicity potential. The hydrophobic CNT materials with high nanoroughness exhibited less hemocompatibility in comparison with the other classes of materials. All the thin film groups exhibited good cytocompatibility, with the surface roughness and surface free energy influencing the viability of cells.Keywords: platelets, cell viability, titanium boron nitride, atomic force microscopy, carbon nanotubesKaragkiozaki VKaragiannidis PGKalfagiannis NKavatzikidou PPatsalas PGeorgiou DLogothetidis SDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2012, Iss default, Pp 6063-6076 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Medicine (General) R5-920 Karagkiozaki V Karagiannidis PG Kalfagiannis N Kavatzikidou P Patsalas P Georgiou D Logothetidis S Novel nanostructured biomaterials: implications for coronary stent thrombosis
description	Varvara Karagkiozaki,1,2 Panagiotis G Karagiannidis,1 Nikolaos Kalfagiannis,1 Paraskevi Kavatzikidou,1 Panagiotis Patsalas,3 Despoina Georgiou,1 Stergios Logothetidis11Lab for Thin Films &ndash; Nanosystems and Nanometrology (LTFN), Physics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 2AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 3Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Epirus, GreeceBackground: Nanomedicine has the potential to revolutionize medicine and help clinicians to treat cardiovascular disease through the improvement of stents. Advanced nanomaterials and tools for monitoring cell&ndash;material interactions will aid in inhibiting stent thrombosis. Although titanium boron nitride (TiBN), titanium diboride, and carbon nanotube (CNT) thin films are emerging materials in the biomaterial field, the effect of their surface properties on platelet adhesion is relatively unexplored.Objective and methods: In this study, novel nanomaterials made of amorphous carbon, CNTs, titanium diboride, and TiBN were grown by vacuum deposition techniques to assess their role as potential stent coatings. Platelet response towards the nanostructured surfaces of the samples was analyzed in line with their physicochemical properties. As the stent skeleton is formed mainly of stainless steel, this material was used as reference material. Platelet adhesion studies were carried out by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy observations. A cell viability study was performed to assess the cytocompatibility of all thin film groups for 24 hours with a standard immortalized cell line.Results: The nanotopographic features of material surface, stoichiometry, and wetting properties were found to be significant factors in dictating platelet behavior and cell viability. The TiBN films with higher nitrogen contents were less thrombogenic compared with the biased carbon films and control. The carbon hybridization in carbon films and hydrophilicity, which were strongly dependent on the deposition process and its parameters, affected the thrombogenicity potential. The hydrophobic CNT materials with high nanoroughness exhibited less hemocompatibility in comparison with the other classes of materials. All the thin film groups exhibited good cytocompatibility, with the surface roughness and surface free energy influencing the viability of cells.Keywords: platelets, cell viability, titanium boron nitride, atomic force microscopy, carbon nanotubes
format	article
author	Karagkiozaki V Karagiannidis PG Kalfagiannis N Kavatzikidou P Patsalas P Georgiou D Logothetidis S
author_facet	Karagkiozaki V Karagiannidis PG Kalfagiannis N Kavatzikidou P Patsalas P Georgiou D Logothetidis S
author_sort	Karagkiozaki V
title	Novel nanostructured biomaterials: implications for coronary stent thrombosis
title_short	Novel nanostructured biomaterials: implications for coronary stent thrombosis
title_full	Novel nanostructured biomaterials: implications for coronary stent thrombosis
title_fullStr	Novel nanostructured biomaterials: implications for coronary stent thrombosis
title_full_unstemmed	Novel nanostructured biomaterials: implications for coronary stent thrombosis
title_sort	novel nanostructured biomaterials: implications for coronary stent thrombosis
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/8fc4a64ccbcb442cab06b0e7a56afe99
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Novel nanostructured biomaterials: implications for coronary stent thrombosis

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