Modeling the biodiesel production using the wheat straw ash as a catalyst
Wheat straw ash (WSA) was investigated as a new catalyst in biodiesel production from sunflower oil. The catalyst was characterized by temperature-programmed decomposition, X- ray powder diffraction, Hg porosimetry, N2 physisorption, and scanning electron microscopy - energy dispersive X...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN SR |
| Publicado: |
Association of Chemical Engineers of Serbia
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/8fd9984848cd459fbfe6863aece3745b |
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| Sumario: | Wheat straw ash (WSA) was investigated as a new catalyst in biodiesel
production from sunflower oil. The catalyst was characterized by
temperature-programmed decomposition, X- ray powder diffraction, Hg
porosimetry, N2 physisorption, and scanning electron microscopy - energy
dispersive X-ray spectroscopy methods. The methanolysis reaction was tested
in the temperature range of 55–65°C, the catalyst loading range 10–20 % of
the oil weight, and the methanol-to-oil molar ratio range 18 : 1–24 : 1. The
reaction conditions of the sunflower oil methanolysis over WSA were
optimized by using the response surface methodology in combination with the
historical experimental design. The optimum process conditions ensuring the
highest fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) content of 98.6 % were the reaction
temperature of 60.3°C, the catalyst loading of 11.6 % (based on the oil
weight), the methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 18.3 :1, and the reaction time
of 124 min. The values of the statistical criteria, such as coefficients of
determination (R2 = 0.811, R2 = 0.789, R2 = 0.761) and the mean relative
percent deviation (MRPD) value of 10.6 % (66 data) implied the acceptability
and precision of the developed model. The FAME content after 4 h of reaction
under the optimal conditions decreased to 37, 12, and 3 %, after the first,
second, and third reuse, respectively. |
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