Greenhouse and field experiments revealed that clove oil can effectively reduce bacterial blight and increase yield in pomegranate

Abstract Bacterial blight in pomegranate is a devastating disease caused by bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae (XAP), recording huge damage to pomegranate crop worldwide. Antibiotics and copper‐based chemicals are being used for the management of this blight, while in this present...

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Autores principales:	Pavan Kumar, Veeresh Lokesh, Pushpa Doddaraju, Aprajita Kumari, Pooja Singh, Bharati S. Meti, Jyotsana Sharma, Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta, Girigowda Manjunatha
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	antibiotics copper oxy‐chloride disease severity nitrate reductase nitric oxide pathogenesis‐related proteins Agriculture S Agriculture (General) S1-972
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8feb7d0d9e0a4c478bd44263c157a221
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8feb7d0d9e0a4c478bd44263c157a2212021-11-17T04:20:03ZGreenhouse and field experiments revealed that clove oil can effectively reduce bacterial blight and increase yield in pomegranate2048-369410.1002/fes3.305https://doaj.org/article/8feb7d0d9e0a4c478bd44263c157a2212021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.305https://doaj.org/toc/2048-3694Abstract Bacterial blight in pomegranate is a devastating disease caused by bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae (XAP), recording huge damage to pomegranate crop worldwide. Antibiotics and copper‐based chemicals are being used for the management of this blight, while in this present work, we investigated the effect of eugenol and clove oil either singly or in combination with copper oxychloride (COC) on the induction of plant defense responses and concomitant prevention of bacterial blight. Our results provided evidence that clove oil (0.2%–1%) and eugenol (0.1% and 0.2%) successfully inhibit the growth of XAP in paper disk diffusion assay. Strikingly under the greenhouse condition, clove oil (0.2%) as foliar application 24 h before XAP inoculation recorded the lowest disease severity of 7.34%, whereas eugenol (0.2%) recorded maximum disease severity of 14.56%. However, the combination of clove oil (0.2%) and copper oxychloride (0.3%) recorded the least disease severity of 2.38%. A similar trend was observed in field conditions. Prophylactic application of clove oil leads to enhanced nitrate reductase activity and nitric oxide production which was further enhanced in clove oil pre‐treated plants challenged with XAP. Strikingly, the total ROS and H2O2 levels were reduced in response to clove oil application. Clove oil also induced the systemic response by inducing expression levels of defense genes. The reduction of disease severity by clove oil and COC combination also reflected on total yield recording via large‐scale field experiments where maximum yield of 14.04 tonnes/acre was observed, whereas streptocycline application recorded 11.12 tonnes/acre. Application of COC and clove oil resulted in a high remunerative value of ₹ 1:5.6, compared to streptocycline (1:4.85) and control (1:1.85). The present study revealed that clove oil as a plant derivative and eugenol as a synthetic option can be effectively used for the successful management of bacterial blight in pomegranate.Pavan KumarVeeresh LokeshPushpa DoddarajuAprajita KumariPooja SinghBharati S. MetiJyotsana SharmaKapuganti Jagadis GuptaGirigowda ManjunathaWileyarticleantibioticscopper oxy‐chloridedisease severitynitrate reductasenitric oxidepathogenesis‐related proteinsAgricultureSAgriculture (General)S1-972ENFood and Energy Security, Vol 10, Iss 4, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	antibiotics copper oxy‐chloride disease severity nitrate reductase nitric oxide pathogenesis‐related proteins Agriculture S Agriculture (General) S1-972
spellingShingle	antibiotics copper oxy‐chloride disease severity nitrate reductase nitric oxide pathogenesis‐related proteins Agriculture S Agriculture (General) S1-972 Pavan Kumar Veeresh Lokesh Pushpa Doddaraju Aprajita Kumari Pooja Singh Bharati S. Meti Jyotsana Sharma Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta Girigowda Manjunatha Greenhouse and field experiments revealed that clove oil can effectively reduce bacterial blight and increase yield in pomegranate
description	Abstract Bacterial blight in pomegranate is a devastating disease caused by bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae (XAP), recording huge damage to pomegranate crop worldwide. Antibiotics and copper‐based chemicals are being used for the management of this blight, while in this present work, we investigated the effect of eugenol and clove oil either singly or in combination with copper oxychloride (COC) on the induction of plant defense responses and concomitant prevention of bacterial blight. Our results provided evidence that clove oil (0.2%–1%) and eugenol (0.1% and 0.2%) successfully inhibit the growth of XAP in paper disk diffusion assay. Strikingly under the greenhouse condition, clove oil (0.2%) as foliar application 24 h before XAP inoculation recorded the lowest disease severity of 7.34%, whereas eugenol (0.2%) recorded maximum disease severity of 14.56%. However, the combination of clove oil (0.2%) and copper oxychloride (0.3%) recorded the least disease severity of 2.38%. A similar trend was observed in field conditions. Prophylactic application of clove oil leads to enhanced nitrate reductase activity and nitric oxide production which was further enhanced in clove oil pre‐treated plants challenged with XAP. Strikingly, the total ROS and H2O2 levels were reduced in response to clove oil application. Clove oil also induced the systemic response by inducing expression levels of defense genes. The reduction of disease severity by clove oil and COC combination also reflected on total yield recording via large‐scale field experiments where maximum yield of 14.04 tonnes/acre was observed, whereas streptocycline application recorded 11.12 tonnes/acre. Application of COC and clove oil resulted in a high remunerative value of ₹ 1:5.6, compared to streptocycline (1:4.85) and control (1:1.85). The present study revealed that clove oil as a plant derivative and eugenol as a synthetic option can be effectively used for the successful management of bacterial blight in pomegranate.
format	article
author	Pavan Kumar Veeresh Lokesh Pushpa Doddaraju Aprajita Kumari Pooja Singh Bharati S. Meti Jyotsana Sharma Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta Girigowda Manjunatha
author_facet	Pavan Kumar Veeresh Lokesh Pushpa Doddaraju Aprajita Kumari Pooja Singh Bharati S. Meti Jyotsana Sharma Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta Girigowda Manjunatha
author_sort	Pavan Kumar
title	Greenhouse and field experiments revealed that clove oil can effectively reduce bacterial blight and increase yield in pomegranate
title_short	Greenhouse and field experiments revealed that clove oil can effectively reduce bacterial blight and increase yield in pomegranate
title_full	Greenhouse and field experiments revealed that clove oil can effectively reduce bacterial blight and increase yield in pomegranate
title_fullStr	Greenhouse and field experiments revealed that clove oil can effectively reduce bacterial blight and increase yield in pomegranate
title_full_unstemmed	Greenhouse and field experiments revealed that clove oil can effectively reduce bacterial blight and increase yield in pomegranate
title_sort	greenhouse and field experiments revealed that clove oil can effectively reduce bacterial blight and increase yield in pomegranate
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8feb7d0d9e0a4c478bd44263c157a221
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Greenhouse and field experiments revealed that clove oil can effectively reduce bacterial blight and increase yield in pomegranate

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