Comprehensive Analysis of CPA4 as a Poor Prognostic Biomarker Correlated with Immune Cells Infiltration in Bladder Cancer

Carboxypeptidase A4 (CPA4) has shown the potential to be a biomarker in the early diagnosis of certain cancers. However, no previous research has linked CPA4 to therapeutic or prognostic significance in bladder cancer. Using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we set out to determine...

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Autores principales:	Chengcheng Wei, Yuancheng Zhou, Qi Xiong, Ming Xiong, Yaxin Hou, Xiong Yang, Zhaohui Chen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	CPA4 bladder urothelial carcinoma immune cells T cell exhaustion checkpoint Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8fecc5c183fe4183ab856aa790da2cc9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8fecc5c183fe4183ab856aa790da2cc92021-11-25T16:47:25ZComprehensive Analysis of CPA4 as a Poor Prognostic Biomarker Correlated with Immune Cells Infiltration in Bladder Cancer10.3390/biology101111432079-7737https://doaj.org/article/8fecc5c183fe4183ab856aa790da2cc92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/11/1143https://doaj.org/toc/2079-7737Carboxypeptidase A4 (CPA4) has shown the potential to be a biomarker in the early diagnosis of certain cancers. However, no previous research has linked CPA4 to therapeutic or prognostic significance in bladder cancer. Using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we set out to determine the full extent of the link between CPA4 and BLCA. We further analyzed the interacting proteins of CPA4 and infiltrated immune cells via the TIMER2, STRING, and GEPIA2 databases. The expression of CPA4 in tumor and normal tissues was compared using the TCGA + GETx database. The connection between CPA4 expression and clinicopathologic characteristics and overall survival (OS) was investigated using multivariate methods and Kaplan–Meier survival curves. The potential functions and pathways were investigated via gene set enrichment analysis. Furthermore, we analyze the associations between CPA4 expression and infiltrated immune cells with their respective gene marker sets using the ssGSEA, TIMER2, and GEPIA2 databases. Compared with matching normal tissues, human CPA4 was found to be substantially expressed. We confirmed that the overexpression of CPA4 is linked with shorter OS, DSF(Disease-specific survival), PFI(Progression-free interval), and increased diagnostic potential using Kaplan–Meier and ROC analysis. The expression of CPA4 is related to T-bet, IL12RB2, CTLA4, and LAG3, among which T-bet and IL12RB2 are Th1 marker genes while CTLA4 and LAG3 are related to T cell exhaustion, which may be used to guide the application of checkpoint blockade and the adoption of T cell transfer therapy.Chengcheng WeiYuancheng ZhouQi XiongMing XiongYaxin HouXiong YangZhaohui ChenMDPI AGarticleCPA4bladder urothelial carcinomaimmune cellsT cell exhaustioncheckpointBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENBiology, Vol 10, Iss 1143, p 1143 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	CPA4 bladder urothelial carcinoma immune cells T cell exhaustion checkpoint Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	CPA4 bladder urothelial carcinoma immune cells T cell exhaustion checkpoint Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chengcheng Wei Yuancheng Zhou Qi Xiong Ming Xiong Yaxin Hou Xiong Yang Zhaohui Chen Comprehensive Analysis of CPA4 as a Poor Prognostic Biomarker Correlated with Immune Cells Infiltration in Bladder Cancer
description	Carboxypeptidase A4 (CPA4) has shown the potential to be a biomarker in the early diagnosis of certain cancers. However, no previous research has linked CPA4 to therapeutic or prognostic significance in bladder cancer. Using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we set out to determine the full extent of the link between CPA4 and BLCA. We further analyzed the interacting proteins of CPA4 and infiltrated immune cells via the TIMER2, STRING, and GEPIA2 databases. The expression of CPA4 in tumor and normal tissues was compared using the TCGA + GETx database. The connection between CPA4 expression and clinicopathologic characteristics and overall survival (OS) was investigated using multivariate methods and Kaplan–Meier survival curves. The potential functions and pathways were investigated via gene set enrichment analysis. Furthermore, we analyze the associations between CPA4 expression and infiltrated immune cells with their respective gene marker sets using the ssGSEA, TIMER2, and GEPIA2 databases. Compared with matching normal tissues, human CPA4 was found to be substantially expressed. We confirmed that the overexpression of CPA4 is linked with shorter OS, DSF(Disease-specific survival), PFI(Progression-free interval), and increased diagnostic potential using Kaplan–Meier and ROC analysis. The expression of CPA4 is related to T-bet, IL12RB2, CTLA4, and LAG3, among which T-bet and IL12RB2 are Th1 marker genes while CTLA4 and LAG3 are related to T cell exhaustion, which may be used to guide the application of checkpoint blockade and the adoption of T cell transfer therapy.
format	article
author	Chengcheng Wei Yuancheng Zhou Qi Xiong Ming Xiong Yaxin Hou Xiong Yang Zhaohui Chen
author_facet	Chengcheng Wei Yuancheng Zhou Qi Xiong Ming Xiong Yaxin Hou Xiong Yang Zhaohui Chen
author_sort	Chengcheng Wei
title	Comprehensive Analysis of CPA4 as a Poor Prognostic Biomarker Correlated with Immune Cells Infiltration in Bladder Cancer
title_short	Comprehensive Analysis of CPA4 as a Poor Prognostic Biomarker Correlated with Immune Cells Infiltration in Bladder Cancer
title_full	Comprehensive Analysis of CPA4 as a Poor Prognostic Biomarker Correlated with Immune Cells Infiltration in Bladder Cancer
title_fullStr	Comprehensive Analysis of CPA4 as a Poor Prognostic Biomarker Correlated with Immune Cells Infiltration in Bladder Cancer
title_full_unstemmed	Comprehensive Analysis of CPA4 as a Poor Prognostic Biomarker Correlated with Immune Cells Infiltration in Bladder Cancer
title_sort	comprehensive analysis of cpa4 as a poor prognostic biomarker correlated with immune cells infiltration in bladder cancer
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8fecc5c183fe4183ab856aa790da2cc9
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Comprehensive Analysis of CPA4 as a Poor Prognostic Biomarker Correlated with Immune Cells Infiltration in Bladder Cancer

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