Improved sensitivity of cellular MRI using phase-cycled balanced SSFP of ferumoxytol nanocomplex-labeled macrophages at ultrahigh field

Yelong Shen,1,2 Lirong Yan,1 Xingfeng Shao,1 Bin Zhao,2 Jinlun Bai,3 Wange Lu,3 Danny JJ Wang1 1Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA; 2Shandong Medic...

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Autores principales:	Shen Y, Yan L, Shao X, Zhao B, Bai J, Lu W, Wang DJJ
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2018
Materias:	Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIO) Ultrahigh field (UHF) Balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP) Cellular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Self-assembling nanocomplexes 7T Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8ff8b9dcb6dc498394397d80e78ccee9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8ff8b9dcb6dc498394397d80e78ccee92021-12-02T07:11:41ZImproved sensitivity of cellular MRI using phase-cycled balanced SSFP of ferumoxytol nanocomplex-labeled macrophages at ultrahigh field1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/8ff8b9dcb6dc498394397d80e78ccee92018-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/improved-sensitivity-of-cellular-mri-using-phase-cycled-balanced-ssfp--peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Yelong Shen,1,2 Lirong Yan,1 Xingfeng Shao,1 Bin Zhao,2 Jinlun Bai,3 Wange Lu,3 Danny JJ Wang1 1Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA; 2Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong, China; 3Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility and sensitivity of cellular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with ferumoxytol nanocomplex-labeled macrophages at ultrahigh magnetic field of 7 T.Materials and methods: THP-1-induced macrophages were labeled using self-assembling heparin + protamine + ferumoxytol nanocomplexes which were injected into a gelatin phantom visible on both microscope and MRI. Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) and balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) pulse sequences were applied at 3 and 7 T. The average, maximum intensity projection, and root mean square combined images were generated for phase-cycled bSSFP images. The signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) efficiencies were calculated. Ex vivo experiments were then performed using a formalin-fixed pig brain injected with ~100 and ~1,000 labeled cells, respectively, at both 3 and 7 T.Results: A high cell labeling efficiency (>90%) was achieved with heparin + protamine + ferumoxytol nanocomplexes. Less than 100 cells were detectable in the gelatin phantom at both 3 and 7 T. The 7 T data showed more than double CNR efficiency compared to the corresponding sequences at 3 T. The CNR efficiencies of phase-cycled bSSFP images were higher compared to those of SWI, and the root mean square combined bSSFP showed the highest CNR efficiency with minimal banding. Following co-registration of microscope and MR images, more cells (51/63) were detected by bSSFP at 7 T than at 3 T (36/63). On pig brain, both ~100 and ~1,000 cells were detected at 3 and 7 T. While the cell size appeared larger due to blooming effects on SWI, bSSFP allowed better contrast to precisely identify the location of the cells with higher signal-to-noise ratio efficiency.Conclusion: The proposed cellular MRI with ferumoxytol nanocomplex-labeled macrophages at 7 T has a high sensitivity to detect <100 cells. The proposed method has great translational potential and may have broad clinical applications that involve cell types with a primary phagocytic phenotype. Keywords: ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, ultrahigh field, balanced steady-state free precession, cellular magnetic resonance imaging, self-assembling nanocomplexes, 7 TShen YYan LShao XZhao BBai JLu WWang DJJDove Medical PressarticleUltrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIO)Ultrahigh field (UHF)Balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP)Cellular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)Self-assembling nanocomplexes7TMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 13, Pp 3839-3852 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIO) Ultrahigh field (UHF) Balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP) Cellular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Self-assembling nanocomplexes 7T Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIO) Ultrahigh field (UHF) Balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP) Cellular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Self-assembling nanocomplexes 7T Medicine (General) R5-920 Shen Y Yan L Shao X Zhao B Bai J Lu W Wang DJJ Improved sensitivity of cellular MRI using phase-cycled balanced SSFP of ferumoxytol nanocomplex-labeled macrophages at ultrahigh field
description	Yelong Shen,1,2 Lirong Yan,1 Xingfeng Shao,1 Bin Zhao,2 Jinlun Bai,3 Wange Lu,3 Danny JJ Wang1 1Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA; 2Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong, China; 3Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility and sensitivity of cellular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with ferumoxytol nanocomplex-labeled macrophages at ultrahigh magnetic field of 7 T.Materials and methods: THP-1-induced macrophages were labeled using self-assembling heparin + protamine + ferumoxytol nanocomplexes which were injected into a gelatin phantom visible on both microscope and MRI. Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) and balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) pulse sequences were applied at 3 and 7 T. The average, maximum intensity projection, and root mean square combined images were generated for phase-cycled bSSFP images. The signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) efficiencies were calculated. Ex vivo experiments were then performed using a formalin-fixed pig brain injected with ~100 and ~1,000 labeled cells, respectively, at both 3 and 7 T.Results: A high cell labeling efficiency (>90%) was achieved with heparin + protamine + ferumoxytol nanocomplexes. Less than 100 cells were detectable in the gelatin phantom at both 3 and 7 T. The 7 T data showed more than double CNR efficiency compared to the corresponding sequences at 3 T. The CNR efficiencies of phase-cycled bSSFP images were higher compared to those of SWI, and the root mean square combined bSSFP showed the highest CNR efficiency with minimal banding. Following co-registration of microscope and MR images, more cells (51/63) were detected by bSSFP at 7 T than at 3 T (36/63). On pig brain, both ~100 and ~1,000 cells were detected at 3 and 7 T. While the cell size appeared larger due to blooming effects on SWI, bSSFP allowed better contrast to precisely identify the location of the cells with higher signal-to-noise ratio efficiency.Conclusion: The proposed cellular MRI with ferumoxytol nanocomplex-labeled macrophages at 7 T has a high sensitivity to detect <100 cells. The proposed method has great translational potential and may have broad clinical applications that involve cell types with a primary phagocytic phenotype. Keywords: ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, ultrahigh field, balanced steady-state free precession, cellular magnetic resonance imaging, self-assembling nanocomplexes, 7 T
format	article
author	Shen Y Yan L Shao X Zhao B Bai J Lu W Wang DJJ
author_facet	Shen Y Yan L Shao X Zhao B Bai J Lu W Wang DJJ
author_sort	Shen Y
title	Improved sensitivity of cellular MRI using phase-cycled balanced SSFP of ferumoxytol nanocomplex-labeled macrophages at ultrahigh field
title_short	Improved sensitivity of cellular MRI using phase-cycled balanced SSFP of ferumoxytol nanocomplex-labeled macrophages at ultrahigh field
title_full	Improved sensitivity of cellular MRI using phase-cycled balanced SSFP of ferumoxytol nanocomplex-labeled macrophages at ultrahigh field
title_fullStr	Improved sensitivity of cellular MRI using phase-cycled balanced SSFP of ferumoxytol nanocomplex-labeled macrophages at ultrahigh field
title_full_unstemmed	Improved sensitivity of cellular MRI using phase-cycled balanced SSFP of ferumoxytol nanocomplex-labeled macrophages at ultrahigh field
title_sort	improved sensitivity of cellular mri using phase-cycled balanced ssfp of ferumoxytol nanocomplex-labeled macrophages at ultrahigh field
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/8ff8b9dcb6dc498394397d80e78ccee9
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Improved sensitivity of cellular MRI using phase-cycled balanced SSFP of ferumoxytol nanocomplex-labeled macrophages at ultrahigh field

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