Platelets in ITP: Victims in Charge of Their Own Fate?
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune bleeding disorder. The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to low platelet levels in ITP have not been resolved, but at least involve autoantibody-dependent and/or cytotoxic T cell mediated platelet clearance and impaired megakaryopoiesis. In addition...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:9000ed3fbab742979f3393fa44f916772021-11-25T17:13:09ZPlatelets in ITP: Victims in Charge of Their Own Fate?10.3390/cells101132352073-4409https://doaj.org/article/9000ed3fbab742979f3393fa44f916772021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/3235https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4409Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune bleeding disorder. The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to low platelet levels in ITP have not been resolved, but at least involve autoantibody-dependent and/or cytotoxic T cell mediated platelet clearance and impaired megakaryopoiesis. In addition, T cell imbalances involving T regulatory cells (Tregs) also appear to play an important role. Intriguingly, over the past years it has become evident that platelets not only mediate hemostasis, but are able to modulate inflammatory and immunological processes upon activation. Platelets, therefore, might play an immuno-modulatory role in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of ITP. In this respect, we propose several possible pathways in which platelets themselves may participate in the immune response in ITP. First, we will elaborate on how platelets might directly promote inflammation or stimulate immune responses in ITP. Second, we will discuss two ways in which platelet microparticles (PMPs) might contribute to the disrupted immune balance and impaired thrombopoiesis by megakaryocytes in ITP. Importantly, from these insights, new starting points for further research and for the design of potential future therapies for ITP can be envisioned.Vivianne S. NelsonAnne-Tess C. JolinkSufia N. AminiJaap Jan ZwagingaTanja NetelenbosJohn W. SempleLeendert PorcelijnMasja de HaasMartin R. SchipperusRick KapurMDPI AGarticleITPplatelet immune functionsplatelet microparticlesBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENCells, Vol 10, Iss 3235, p 3235 (2021) |
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DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
ITP platelet immune functions platelet microparticles Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
| spellingShingle |
ITP platelet immune functions platelet microparticles Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Vivianne S. Nelson Anne-Tess C. Jolink Sufia N. Amini Jaap Jan Zwaginga Tanja Netelenbos John W. Semple Leendert Porcelijn Masja de Haas Martin R. Schipperus Rick Kapur Platelets in ITP: Victims in Charge of Their Own Fate? |
| description |
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune bleeding disorder. The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to low platelet levels in ITP have not been resolved, but at least involve autoantibody-dependent and/or cytotoxic T cell mediated platelet clearance and impaired megakaryopoiesis. In addition, T cell imbalances involving T regulatory cells (Tregs) also appear to play an important role. Intriguingly, over the past years it has become evident that platelets not only mediate hemostasis, but are able to modulate inflammatory and immunological processes upon activation. Platelets, therefore, might play an immuno-modulatory role in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of ITP. In this respect, we propose several possible pathways in which platelets themselves may participate in the immune response in ITP. First, we will elaborate on how platelets might directly promote inflammation or stimulate immune responses in ITP. Second, we will discuss two ways in which platelet microparticles (PMPs) might contribute to the disrupted immune balance and impaired thrombopoiesis by megakaryocytes in ITP. Importantly, from these insights, new starting points for further research and for the design of potential future therapies for ITP can be envisioned. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Vivianne S. Nelson Anne-Tess C. Jolink Sufia N. Amini Jaap Jan Zwaginga Tanja Netelenbos John W. Semple Leendert Porcelijn Masja de Haas Martin R. Schipperus Rick Kapur |
| author_facet |
Vivianne S. Nelson Anne-Tess C. Jolink Sufia N. Amini Jaap Jan Zwaginga Tanja Netelenbos John W. Semple Leendert Porcelijn Masja de Haas Martin R. Schipperus Rick Kapur |
| author_sort |
Vivianne S. Nelson |
| title |
Platelets in ITP: Victims in Charge of Their Own Fate? |
| title_short |
Platelets in ITP: Victims in Charge of Their Own Fate? |
| title_full |
Platelets in ITP: Victims in Charge of Their Own Fate? |
| title_fullStr |
Platelets in ITP: Victims in Charge of Their Own Fate? |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Platelets in ITP: Victims in Charge of Their Own Fate? |
| title_sort |
platelets in itp: victims in charge of their own fate? |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/9000ed3fbab742979f3393fa44f91677 |
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