Brain volumes and neuropsychological performance are related to current smoking and alcoholism history

Riya B Luhar,1,2 Kayle S Sawyer,1,2 Zoe Gravitz,1,2 Susan Mosher Ruiz,1,2 Marlene Oscar-Berman1–3 1US Department of Veterans Affairs, Boston Healthcare System, 2Boston University School of Medicine, 3Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Luhar RB, Sawyer KS, Gravitz Z, Ruiz SM, Oscar-Berman M
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2013
Materias:	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9049e9cb97424f3eb9313b2dc049a4e6
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:9049e9cb97424f3eb9313b2dc049a4e6
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9049e9cb97424f3eb9313b2dc049a4e62021-12-02T01:12:35ZBrain volumes and neuropsychological performance are related to current smoking and alcoholism history1176-63281178-2021https://doaj.org/article/9049e9cb97424f3eb9313b2dc049a4e62013-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/brain-volumes-and-neuropsychological-performance-are-related-to-curren-a14969https://doaj.org/toc/1176-6328https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Riya B Luhar,1,2 Kayle S Sawyer,1,2 Zoe Gravitz,1,2 Susan Mosher Ruiz,1,2 Marlene Oscar-Berman1–3 1US Department of Veterans Affairs, Boston Healthcare System, 2Boston University School of Medicine, 3Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Background: Dual dependence on alcohol and nicotine is common, with many reports suggesting that more than 80% of alcoholics also smoke cigarettes. Even after cessation of alcohol consumption, many recovering alcoholics continue to smoke. In this exploratory study, we examined how current smoking and a history of alcoholism interacted in relation to brain volumes and neuropsychological performance. Methods: Participants were 14 abstinent long-term alcoholics (seven current smokers and seven nonsmokers), and 13 nonalcoholics (six current smokers and seven nonsmokers). The groups were equivalent in age, gender, education, and intelligence quotient. Two multiecho magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition with gradient echo (MP-RAGE) scans were collected for all participants using a 3T magnetic resonance imaging scanner with a 32 channel head coil. Brain volumes for each gray and white matter region of interest were derived using FreeSurfer. Participants completed a battery of neuropsychological tests measuring intelligence quotient, memory, executive functions, personality variables, and affect. Results: Compared to nonsmoking nonalcoholics, alcoholics who smoke (the comorbid group) had volumetric abnormalities in: pre- and para-central frontal cortical areas and rostral middle frontal white matter; parahippocampal and temporal pole regions; the amygdala; the pallidum; the ventral diencephalic region; and the lateral ventricle. The comorbid group performed worse than nonsmoking nonalcoholics on tests of executive functioning and on visually-based memory tests. History of alcoholism was associated with higher neuroticism scores among smokers, and current smoking was associated with higher sensation seeking scores and lower extraversion scores among nonalcoholics. Conclusion: Results from this exploratory study support and extend prior reports showing that alcoholism and smoking, alone and in combination, are associated with structural brain abnormalities and poorer performance on neuropsychological tests. Therefore, it is important to consider smoking status in alcoholism studies and vice versa. Keywords: MRI, morphometry, neuropsychology, tobacco, alcoholLuhar RBSawyer KSGravitz ZRuiz SMOscar-Berman MDove Medical PressarticleNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol 2013, Iss default, Pp 1767-1784 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Luhar RB Sawyer KS Gravitz Z Ruiz SM Oscar-Berman M Brain volumes and neuropsychological performance are related to current smoking and alcoholism history
description	Riya B Luhar,1,2 Kayle S Sawyer,1,2 Zoe Gravitz,1,2 Susan Mosher Ruiz,1,2 Marlene Oscar-Berman1–3 1US Department of Veterans Affairs, Boston Healthcare System, 2Boston University School of Medicine, 3Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Background: Dual dependence on alcohol and nicotine is common, with many reports suggesting that more than 80% of alcoholics also smoke cigarettes. Even after cessation of alcohol consumption, many recovering alcoholics continue to smoke. In this exploratory study, we examined how current smoking and a history of alcoholism interacted in relation to brain volumes and neuropsychological performance. Methods: Participants were 14 abstinent long-term alcoholics (seven current smokers and seven nonsmokers), and 13 nonalcoholics (six current smokers and seven nonsmokers). The groups were equivalent in age, gender, education, and intelligence quotient. Two multiecho magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition with gradient echo (MP-RAGE) scans were collected for all participants using a 3T magnetic resonance imaging scanner with a 32 channel head coil. Brain volumes for each gray and white matter region of interest were derived using FreeSurfer. Participants completed a battery of neuropsychological tests measuring intelligence quotient, memory, executive functions, personality variables, and affect. Results: Compared to nonsmoking nonalcoholics, alcoholics who smoke (the comorbid group) had volumetric abnormalities in: pre- and para-central frontal cortical areas and rostral middle frontal white matter; parahippocampal and temporal pole regions; the amygdala; the pallidum; the ventral diencephalic region; and the lateral ventricle. The comorbid group performed worse than nonsmoking nonalcoholics on tests of executive functioning and on visually-based memory tests. History of alcoholism was associated with higher neuroticism scores among smokers, and current smoking was associated with higher sensation seeking scores and lower extraversion scores among nonalcoholics. Conclusion: Results from this exploratory study support and extend prior reports showing that alcoholism and smoking, alone and in combination, are associated with structural brain abnormalities and poorer performance on neuropsychological tests. Therefore, it is important to consider smoking status in alcoholism studies and vice versa. Keywords: MRI, morphometry, neuropsychology, tobacco, alcohol
format	article
author	Luhar RB Sawyer KS Gravitz Z Ruiz SM Oscar-Berman M
author_facet	Luhar RB Sawyer KS Gravitz Z Ruiz SM Oscar-Berman M
author_sort	Luhar RB
title	Brain volumes and neuropsychological performance are related to current smoking and alcoholism history
title_short	Brain volumes and neuropsychological performance are related to current smoking and alcoholism history
title_full	Brain volumes and neuropsychological performance are related to current smoking and alcoholism history
title_fullStr	Brain volumes and neuropsychological performance are related to current smoking and alcoholism history
title_full_unstemmed	Brain volumes and neuropsychological performance are related to current smoking and alcoholism history
title_sort	brain volumes and neuropsychological performance are related to current smoking and alcoholism history
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/9049e9cb97424f3eb9313b2dc049a4e6
work_keys_str_mv	AT luharrb brainvolumesandneuropsychologicalperformancearerelatedtocurrentsmokingandalcoholismhistory AT sawyerks brainvolumesandneuropsychologicalperformancearerelatedtocurrentsmokingandalcoholismhistory AT gravitzz brainvolumesandneuropsychologicalperformancearerelatedtocurrentsmokingandalcoholismhistory AT ruizsm brainvolumesandneuropsychologicalperformancearerelatedtocurrentsmokingandalcoholismhistory AT oscarbermanm brainvolumesandneuropsychologicalperformancearerelatedtocurrentsmokingandalcoholismhistory
_version_	1718403212849971200

Brain volumes and neuropsychological performance are related to current smoking and alcoholism history

Ejemplares similares