Evaluation of improved coloured targets to control riverine tsetse in East Africa: A Bayesian approach.

<h4>Background</h4>Riverine tsetse (Glossina spp.) transmit Trypanosoma brucei gambiense which causes Gambian Human African Trypanosomiasis. Tiny Targets were developed for cost-effective riverine tsetse control, and comprise panels of insecticide-treated blue polyester fabric and black...

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Autores principales:	Roger D Santer, Michael N Okal, Johan Esterhuizen, Steve J Torr
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9072ba35ea3940d9b845d0c2aa510144
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9072ba35ea3940d9b845d0c2aa5101442021-11-25T06:33:08ZEvaluation of improved coloured targets to control riverine tsetse in East Africa: A Bayesian approach.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009463https://doaj.org/article/9072ba35ea3940d9b845d0c2aa5101442021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009463https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735<h4>Background</h4>Riverine tsetse (Glossina spp.) transmit Trypanosoma brucei gambiense which causes Gambian Human African Trypanosomiasis. Tiny Targets were developed for cost-effective riverine tsetse control, and comprise panels of insecticide-treated blue polyester fabric and black net that attract and kill tsetse. Versus typical blue polyesters, two putatively more attractive fabrics have been developed: Vestergaard ZeroFly blue, and violet. Violet was most attractive to savannah tsetse using large targets, but neither fabric has been tested for riverine tsetse using Tiny Targets.<h4>Methods</h4>We measured numbers of G. f. fuscipes attracted to electrified Tiny Targets in Kenya and Uganda. We compared violets, Vestergaard blues, and a typical blue polyester, using three replicated Latin squares experiments. We then employed Bayesian statistical analyses to generate expected catches for future target deployments incorporating uncertainty in model parameters, and prior knowledge from previous experiments.<h4>Results</h4>Expected catches for average future replicates of violet and Vestergaard blue targets were highly likely to exceed those for typical blue. Accounting for catch variability between replicates, it remained moderately probable (70-86% and 59-84%, respectively) that a given replicate of these targets would have a higher expected catch than typical blue on the same day at the same site. Meanwhile, expected catches for average violet replicates were, in general, moderately likely to exceed those for Vestergaard blue. However, the difference in medians was small, and accounting for catch variability, the probability that the expected catch for a violet replicate would exceed a Vestergaard blue equivalent was marginal (46-71%).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Violet and Vestergaard ZeroFly blue are expected to outperform typical blue polyester in the Tiny Target configuration. Violet is unlikely to greatly outperform Vestergaard blue deployed in this way, but because violet is highly attractive to both riverine and savannah tsetse using different target designs, it may provide the more suitable general-purpose fabric.Roger D SanterMichael N OkalJohan EsterhuizenSteve J TorrPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 6, p e0009463 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Roger D Santer Michael N Okal Johan Esterhuizen Steve J Torr Evaluation of improved coloured targets to control riverine tsetse in East Africa: A Bayesian approach.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Riverine tsetse (Glossina spp.) transmit Trypanosoma brucei gambiense which causes Gambian Human African Trypanosomiasis. Tiny Targets were developed for cost-effective riverine tsetse control, and comprise panels of insecticide-treated blue polyester fabric and black net that attract and kill tsetse. Versus typical blue polyesters, two putatively more attractive fabrics have been developed: Vestergaard ZeroFly blue, and violet. Violet was most attractive to savannah tsetse using large targets, but neither fabric has been tested for riverine tsetse using Tiny Targets.<h4>Methods</h4>We measured numbers of G. f. fuscipes attracted to electrified Tiny Targets in Kenya and Uganda. We compared violets, Vestergaard blues, and a typical blue polyester, using three replicated Latin squares experiments. We then employed Bayesian statistical analyses to generate expected catches for future target deployments incorporating uncertainty in model parameters, and prior knowledge from previous experiments.<h4>Results</h4>Expected catches for average future replicates of violet and Vestergaard blue targets were highly likely to exceed those for typical blue. Accounting for catch variability between replicates, it remained moderately probable (70-86% and 59-84%, respectively) that a given replicate of these targets would have a higher expected catch than typical blue on the same day at the same site. Meanwhile, expected catches for average violet replicates were, in general, moderately likely to exceed those for Vestergaard blue. However, the difference in medians was small, and accounting for catch variability, the probability that the expected catch for a violet replicate would exceed a Vestergaard blue equivalent was marginal (46-71%).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Violet and Vestergaard ZeroFly blue are expected to outperform typical blue polyester in the Tiny Target configuration. Violet is unlikely to greatly outperform Vestergaard blue deployed in this way, but because violet is highly attractive to both riverine and savannah tsetse using different target designs, it may provide the more suitable general-purpose fabric.
format	article
author	Roger D Santer Michael N Okal Johan Esterhuizen Steve J Torr
author_facet	Roger D Santer Michael N Okal Johan Esterhuizen Steve J Torr
author_sort	Roger D Santer
title	Evaluation of improved coloured targets to control riverine tsetse in East Africa: A Bayesian approach.
title_short	Evaluation of improved coloured targets to control riverine tsetse in East Africa: A Bayesian approach.
title_full	Evaluation of improved coloured targets to control riverine tsetse in East Africa: A Bayesian approach.
title_fullStr	Evaluation of improved coloured targets to control riverine tsetse in East Africa: A Bayesian approach.
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of improved coloured targets to control riverine tsetse in East Africa: A Bayesian approach.
title_sort	evaluation of improved coloured targets to control riverine tsetse in east africa: a bayesian approach.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9072ba35ea3940d9b845d0c2aa510144
work_keys_str_mv	AT rogerdsanter evaluationofimprovedcolouredtargetstocontrolriverinetsetseineastafricaabayesianapproach AT michaelnokal evaluationofimprovedcolouredtargetstocontrolriverinetsetseineastafricaabayesianapproach AT johanesterhuizen evaluationofimprovedcolouredtargetstocontrolriverinetsetseineastafricaabayesianapproach AT stevejtorr evaluationofimprovedcolouredtargetstocontrolriverinetsetseineastafricaabayesianapproach
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Evaluation of improved coloured targets to control riverine tsetse in East Africa: A Bayesian approach.

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