Daily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men

Abstract To what extent does gender expression vary day-to-day? Are daily changes related to psychological adjustment in the same way for all individuals? A person-specific approach was used to answer these questions in a 75-day intensive longitudinal study. Fifty-seven cisgender adults (27 women) p...

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Autores principales: Adriene M. Beltz, Amy M. Loviska, Alexander Weigard
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Nature Portfolio 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/907fdc55d4544e0eb870a9d721c13e76
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:907fdc55d4544e0eb870a9d721c13e762021-12-02T13:41:00ZDaily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men10.1038/s41598-021-88279-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/907fdc55d4544e0eb870a9d721c13e762021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88279-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract To what extent does gender expression vary day-to-day? Are daily changes related to psychological adjustment in the same way for all individuals? A person-specific approach was used to answer these questions in a 75-day intensive longitudinal study. Fifty-seven cisgender adults (27 women) provided over 4000 reports of daily masculinity and femininity and of three indices of internalizing problems. Results revealed: (a) substantial daily fluctuations in gender expression, especially in women; (b) sample-level links between daily increases in femininity or reductions in masculinity and heightened anxiety, depression, and self-reproach for men, but no apparent links for women; and (c) person-specific links between gender expression and psychological adjustment, such that some women reported internalizing problems with reduced masculinity (average male pattern) and some men reported problems with heightened masculinity (opposite the average male pattern). Findings highlight how intensive longitudinal research can illuminate the uniqueness of gender-related daily experiences, and their implications for the wellbeing of individuals.Adriene M. BeltzAmy M. LoviskaAlexander WeigardNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Adriene M. Beltz
Amy M. Loviska
Alexander Weigard
Daily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men
description Abstract To what extent does gender expression vary day-to-day? Are daily changes related to psychological adjustment in the same way for all individuals? A person-specific approach was used to answer these questions in a 75-day intensive longitudinal study. Fifty-seven cisgender adults (27 women) provided over 4000 reports of daily masculinity and femininity and of three indices of internalizing problems. Results revealed: (a) substantial daily fluctuations in gender expression, especially in women; (b) sample-level links between daily increases in femininity or reductions in masculinity and heightened anxiety, depression, and self-reproach for men, but no apparent links for women; and (c) person-specific links between gender expression and psychological adjustment, such that some women reported internalizing problems with reduced masculinity (average male pattern) and some men reported problems with heightened masculinity (opposite the average male pattern). Findings highlight how intensive longitudinal research can illuminate the uniqueness of gender-related daily experiences, and their implications for the wellbeing of individuals.
format article
author Adriene M. Beltz
Amy M. Loviska
Alexander Weigard
author_facet Adriene M. Beltz
Amy M. Loviska
Alexander Weigard
author_sort Adriene M. Beltz
title Daily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men
title_short Daily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men
title_full Daily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men
title_fullStr Daily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men
title_full_unstemmed Daily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men
title_sort daily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men
publisher Nature Portfolio
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/907fdc55d4544e0eb870a9d721c13e76
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