Daily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men

Abstract To what extent does gender expression vary day-to-day? Are daily changes related to psychological adjustment in the same way for all individuals? A person-specific approach was used to answer these questions in a 75-day intensive longitudinal study. Fifty-seven cisgender adults (27 women) p...

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Autores principales:	Adriene M. Beltz, Amy M. Loviska, Alexander Weigard
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/907fdc55d4544e0eb870a9d721c13e76
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:907fdc55d4544e0eb870a9d721c13e762021-12-02T13:41:00ZDaily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men10.1038/s41598-021-88279-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/907fdc55d4544e0eb870a9d721c13e762021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88279-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract To what extent does gender expression vary day-to-day? Are daily changes related to psychological adjustment in the same way for all individuals? A person-specific approach was used to answer these questions in a 75-day intensive longitudinal study. Fifty-seven cisgender adults (27 women) provided over 4000 reports of daily masculinity and femininity and of three indices of internalizing problems. Results revealed: (a) substantial daily fluctuations in gender expression, especially in women; (b) sample-level links between daily increases in femininity or reductions in masculinity and heightened anxiety, depression, and self-reproach for men, but no apparent links for women; and (c) person-specific links between gender expression and psychological adjustment, such that some women reported internalizing problems with reduced masculinity (average male pattern) and some men reported problems with heightened masculinity (opposite the average male pattern). Findings highlight how intensive longitudinal research can illuminate the uniqueness of gender-related daily experiences, and their implications for the wellbeing of individuals.Adriene M. BeltzAmy M. LoviskaAlexander WeigardNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Adriene M. Beltz Amy M. Loviska Alexander Weigard Daily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men
description	Abstract To what extent does gender expression vary day-to-day? Are daily changes related to psychological adjustment in the same way for all individuals? A person-specific approach was used to answer these questions in a 75-day intensive longitudinal study. Fifty-seven cisgender adults (27 women) provided over 4000 reports of daily masculinity and femininity and of three indices of internalizing problems. Results revealed: (a) substantial daily fluctuations in gender expression, especially in women; (b) sample-level links between daily increases in femininity or reductions in masculinity and heightened anxiety, depression, and self-reproach for men, but no apparent links for women; and (c) person-specific links between gender expression and psychological adjustment, such that some women reported internalizing problems with reduced masculinity (average male pattern) and some men reported problems with heightened masculinity (opposite the average male pattern). Findings highlight how intensive longitudinal research can illuminate the uniqueness of gender-related daily experiences, and their implications for the wellbeing of individuals.
format	article
author	Adriene M. Beltz Amy M. Loviska Alexander Weigard
author_facet	Adriene M. Beltz Amy M. Loviska Alexander Weigard
author_sort	Adriene M. Beltz
title	Daily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men
title_short	Daily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men
title_full	Daily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men
title_fullStr	Daily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men
title_full_unstemmed	Daily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men
title_sort	daily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/907fdc55d4544e0eb870a9d721c13e76
work_keys_str_mv	AT adrienembeltz dailygenderexpressionisassociatedwithpsychologicaladjustmentforsomepeoplebutmainlymen AT amymloviska dailygenderexpressionisassociatedwithpsychologicaladjustmentforsomepeoplebutmainlymen AT alexanderweigard dailygenderexpressionisassociatedwithpsychologicaladjustmentforsomepeoplebutmainlymen
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Daily gender expression is associated with psychological adjustment for some people, but mainly men

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