Role of global and local topology in the regulation of gene expression in Streptococcus pneumoniae.

The most basic level of transcription regulation in Streptococcus pneumoniae is the organization of its chromosome in topological domains. In response to drugs that caused DNA-relaxation, a global transcriptional response was observed. Several chromosomal domains were identified based on the transcr...

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Autores principales:	María-José Ferrándiz, Cristina Arnanz, Antonio J Martín-Galiano, Carlos Rodríguez-Martín, Adela G de la Campa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/90d76df0e0d9423f8d62087a429bb03f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:90d76df0e0d9423f8d62087a429bb03f2021-11-25T06:08:38ZRole of global and local topology in the regulation of gene expression in Streptococcus pneumoniae.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0101574https://doaj.org/article/90d76df0e0d9423f8d62087a429bb03f2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/25019515/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The most basic level of transcription regulation in Streptococcus pneumoniae is the organization of its chromosome in topological domains. In response to drugs that caused DNA-relaxation, a global transcriptional response was observed. Several chromosomal domains were identified based on the transcriptional response of their genes: up-regulated (U), down-regulated (D), non-regulated (N), and flanking (F). We show that these distinct domains have different expression and conservation characteristics. Microarray fluorescence units under non-relaxation conditions were used as a measure of gene transcriptional level. Fluorescence units were significantly lower in F genes than in the other domains with a similar AT content. The transcriptional level of the domains categorized them was D>U>F. In addition, a comparison of 12 S. pneumoniae genome sequences showed a conservation of gene composition within U and D domains, and an extensive gene interchange in F domains. We tested the organization of chromosomal domains by measuring the relaxation-mediated transcription of eight insertions of a heterologous Ptccat cassette, two in each type of domain, showing that transcription depended on their chromosomal location. Moreover, transcription from the four promoters directing the five genes involved in supercoiling homeostasis, located either in U (gyrB), D (topA), or N (gyrA and parEC) domains was analyzed both in their chromosomal locations and in a replicating plasmid. Although expression from the chromosomal PgyrB and PtopA showed the expected domain regulation, their expression was down-regulated in the plasmid, which behaved as a D domain. However, both PparE and PgyrA carried their own regulatory signals, their topology-dependent expression being equivalent in the plasmid or in the chromosome. In PgyrA a DNA bend acted as a DNA supercoiling sensor. These results revealed that DNA topology functions as a general transcriptional regulator, superimposed upon other more specific regulatory mechanisms.María-José FerrándizCristina ArnanzAntonio J Martín-GalianoCarlos Rodríguez-MartínAdela G de la CampaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 7, p e101574 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q María-José Ferrándiz Cristina Arnanz Antonio J Martín-Galiano Carlos Rodríguez-Martín Adela G de la Campa Role of global and local topology in the regulation of gene expression in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
description	The most basic level of transcription regulation in Streptococcus pneumoniae is the organization of its chromosome in topological domains. In response to drugs that caused DNA-relaxation, a global transcriptional response was observed. Several chromosomal domains were identified based on the transcriptional response of their genes: up-regulated (U), down-regulated (D), non-regulated (N), and flanking (F). We show that these distinct domains have different expression and conservation characteristics. Microarray fluorescence units under non-relaxation conditions were used as a measure of gene transcriptional level. Fluorescence units were significantly lower in F genes than in the other domains with a similar AT content. The transcriptional level of the domains categorized them was D>U>F. In addition, a comparison of 12 S. pneumoniae genome sequences showed a conservation of gene composition within U and D domains, and an extensive gene interchange in F domains. We tested the organization of chromosomal domains by measuring the relaxation-mediated transcription of eight insertions of a heterologous Ptccat cassette, two in each type of domain, showing that transcription depended on their chromosomal location. Moreover, transcription from the four promoters directing the five genes involved in supercoiling homeostasis, located either in U (gyrB), D (topA), or N (gyrA and parEC) domains was analyzed both in their chromosomal locations and in a replicating plasmid. Although expression from the chromosomal PgyrB and PtopA showed the expected domain regulation, their expression was down-regulated in the plasmid, which behaved as a D domain. However, both PparE and PgyrA carried their own regulatory signals, their topology-dependent expression being equivalent in the plasmid or in the chromosome. In PgyrA a DNA bend acted as a DNA supercoiling sensor. These results revealed that DNA topology functions as a general transcriptional regulator, superimposed upon other more specific regulatory mechanisms.
format	article
author	María-José Ferrándiz Cristina Arnanz Antonio J Martín-Galiano Carlos Rodríguez-Martín Adela G de la Campa
author_facet	María-José Ferrándiz Cristina Arnanz Antonio J Martín-Galiano Carlos Rodríguez-Martín Adela G de la Campa
author_sort	María-José Ferrándiz
title	Role of global and local topology in the regulation of gene expression in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
title_short	Role of global and local topology in the regulation of gene expression in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
title_full	Role of global and local topology in the regulation of gene expression in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
title_fullStr	Role of global and local topology in the regulation of gene expression in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
title_full_unstemmed	Role of global and local topology in the regulation of gene expression in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
title_sort	role of global and local topology in the regulation of gene expression in streptococcus pneumoniae.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/90d76df0e0d9423f8d62087a429bb03f
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_version_	1718414115111698432

Role of global and local topology in the regulation of gene expression in Streptococcus pneumoniae.

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