The SR Splicing Factors: Providing Perspectives on Their Evolution, Expression, Alternative Splicing, and Function in <i>Populus trichocarpa</i>

The SR Splicing Factors: Providing Perspectives on Their Evolution, Expression, Alternative Splicing, and Function in <i>Populus trichocarpa</i>

Serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins are important splicing factors in plant development and abiotic/hormone-related stresses. However, evidence that SR proteins contribute to the process in woody plants has been lacking. Using phylogenetics, gene synteny, transgenic experiments, and RNA-seq analysis,...

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Autores principales: Xijuan Zhao, Lingling Tan, Shuo Wang, Yirong Shen, Liangyu Guo, Xiaoxue Ye, Shenkui Liu, Ying Feng, Wenwu Wu
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: MDPI AG 2021
Materias:
<i>Populus trichocarpa</i>
serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein
alternative splicing
abiotic stress
<i>PtSCL30</i>
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/90f45683671d4febaf25e2a920f3c95a
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:90f45683671d4febaf25e2a920f3c95a2021-11-11T16:50:31ZThe SR Splicing Factors: Providing Perspectives on Their Evolution, Expression, Alternative Splicing, and Function in <i>Populus trichocarpa</i>10.3390/ijms2221113691422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/90f45683671d4febaf25e2a920f3c95a2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11369https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins are important splicing factors in plant development and abiotic/hormone-related stresses. However, evidence that SR proteins contribute to the process in woody plants has been lacking. Using phylogenetics, gene synteny, transgenic experiments, and RNA-seq analysis, we identified 24 <i>PtSR</i> genes and explored their evolution, expression, and function in <i>Popolus trichocarpa</i>. The <i>PtSR</i> genes were divided into six subfamilies, generated by at least two events of genome triplication and duplication. Notably, they were constitutively expressed in roots, stems, and leaves, demonstrating their fundamental role in <i>P. trichocarpa</i>. Additionally, most <i>PtSR</i> genes (~83%) responded to at least one stress (cold, drought, salt, SA, MeJA, or ABA), and, especially, cold stress induced a dramatic perturbation in the expression and/or alternative splicing (AS) of 18 <i>PtSR</i> genes (~75%). Evidentially, the overexpression of <i>PtSCL30</i> in <i>Arabidopsis</i> decreased freezing tolerance, which probably resulted from AS changes of the genes (e.g., <i>ICE2</i> and <i>COR15A</i>) critical for cold tolerance. Moreover, the transgenic plants were salt-hypersensitive at the germination stage. These indicate that <i>PtSCL30</i> may act as a negative regulator under cold and salt stress. Altogether, this study sheds light on the evolution, expression, and AS of <i>PtSR</i> genes, and the functional mechanisms of <i>PtSCL30</i> in woody plants.Xijuan ZhaoLingling TanShuo WangYirong ShenLiangyu GuoXiaoxue YeShenkui LiuYing FengWenwu WuMDPI AGarticle<i>Populus trichocarpa</i>serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteinalternative splicingabiotic stress<i>PtSCL30</i>Biology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11369, p 11369 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic <i>Populus trichocarpa</i>
serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein
alternative splicing
abiotic stress
<i>PtSCL30</i>
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
spellingShingle <i>Populus trichocarpa</i>
serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein
alternative splicing
abiotic stress
<i>PtSCL30</i>
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
Xijuan Zhao
Lingling Tan
Shuo Wang
Yirong Shen
Liangyu Guo
Xiaoxue Ye
Shenkui Liu
Ying Feng
Wenwu Wu
The SR Splicing Factors: Providing Perspectives on Their Evolution, Expression, Alternative Splicing, and Function in <i>Populus trichocarpa</i>
description Serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins are important splicing factors in plant development and abiotic/hormone-related stresses. However, evidence that SR proteins contribute to the process in woody plants has been lacking. Using phylogenetics, gene synteny, transgenic experiments, and RNA-seq analysis, we identified 24 <i>PtSR</i> genes and explored their evolution, expression, and function in <i>Popolus trichocarpa</i>. The <i>PtSR</i> genes were divided into six subfamilies, generated by at least two events of genome triplication and duplication. Notably, they were constitutively expressed in roots, stems, and leaves, demonstrating their fundamental role in <i>P. trichocarpa</i>. Additionally, most <i>PtSR</i> genes (~83%) responded to at least one stress (cold, drought, salt, SA, MeJA, or ABA), and, especially, cold stress induced a dramatic perturbation in the expression and/or alternative splicing (AS) of 18 <i>PtSR</i> genes (~75%). Evidentially, the overexpression of <i>PtSCL30</i> in <i>Arabidopsis</i> decreased freezing tolerance, which probably resulted from AS changes of the genes (e.g., <i>ICE2</i> and <i>COR15A</i>) critical for cold tolerance. Moreover, the transgenic plants were salt-hypersensitive at the germination stage. These indicate that <i>PtSCL30</i> may act as a negative regulator under cold and salt stress. Altogether, this study sheds light on the evolution, expression, and AS of <i>PtSR</i> genes, and the functional mechanisms of <i>PtSCL30</i> in woody plants.
format article
author Xijuan Zhao
Lingling Tan
Shuo Wang
Yirong Shen
Liangyu Guo
Xiaoxue Ye
Shenkui Liu
Ying Feng
Wenwu Wu
author_facet Xijuan Zhao
Lingling Tan
Shuo Wang
Yirong Shen
Liangyu Guo
Xiaoxue Ye
Shenkui Liu
Ying Feng
Wenwu Wu
author_sort Xijuan Zhao
title The SR Splicing Factors: Providing Perspectives on Their Evolution, Expression, Alternative Splicing, and Function in <i>Populus trichocarpa</i>
title_short The SR Splicing Factors: Providing Perspectives on Their Evolution, Expression, Alternative Splicing, and Function in <i>Populus trichocarpa</i>
title_full The SR Splicing Factors: Providing Perspectives on Their Evolution, Expression, Alternative Splicing, and Function in <i>Populus trichocarpa</i>
title_fullStr The SR Splicing Factors: Providing Perspectives on Their Evolution, Expression, Alternative Splicing, and Function in <i>Populus trichocarpa</i>
title_full_unstemmed The SR Splicing Factors: Providing Perspectives on Their Evolution, Expression, Alternative Splicing, and Function in <i>Populus trichocarpa</i>
title_sort sr splicing factors: providing perspectives on their evolution, expression, alternative splicing, and function in <i>populus trichocarpa</i>
publisher MDPI AG
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/90f45683671d4febaf25e2a920f3c95a
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