Actin Bundle Nanomechanics and Organization Are Modulated by Macromolecular Crowding and Electrostatic Interactions

The structural and mechanical properties of actin bundles are essential to eukaryotic cells, aiding in cell motility and mechanical support of the plasma membrane. Bundle formation occurs in crowded intracellular environments composed of various ions and macromolecules. Although the roles of cations...

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Autores principales:	Nicholas Castaneda, Cecile Feuillie, Michael Molinari, Ellen Hyeran Kang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	actin bundles macromolecular crowding cations nanomechanics atomic force microscopy Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/90fdb85f12794815a92546f24b528c4d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:90fdb85f12794815a92546f24b528c4d2021-12-01T07:56:39ZActin Bundle Nanomechanics and Organization Are Modulated by Macromolecular Crowding and Electrostatic Interactions2296-889X10.3389/fmolb.2021.760950https://doaj.org/article/90fdb85f12794815a92546f24b528c4d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2021.760950/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-889XThe structural and mechanical properties of actin bundles are essential to eukaryotic cells, aiding in cell motility and mechanical support of the plasma membrane. Bundle formation occurs in crowded intracellular environments composed of various ions and macromolecules. Although the roles of cations and macromolecular crowding in the mechanics and organization of actin bundles have been independently established, how changing both intracellular environmental conditions influence bundle mechanics at the nanoscale has yet to be established. Here we investigate how electrostatics and depletion interactions modulate the relative Young’s modulus and height of actin bundles using atomic force microscopy. Our results demonstrate that cation- and depletion-induced bundles display an overall reduction of relative Young’s modulus depending on either cation or crowding concentrations. Furthermore, we directly measure changes to cation- and depletion-induced bundle height, indicating that bundles experience alterations to filament packing supporting the reduction to relative Young’s modulus. Taken together, our work suggests that electrostatic and depletion interactions may act counteractively, impacting actin bundle nanomechanics and organization.Nicholas CastanedaNicholas CastanedaCecile FeuillieMichael MolinariEllen Hyeran KangEllen Hyeran KangEllen Hyeran KangFrontiers Media S.A.articleactin bundlesmacromolecular crowdingcationsnanomechanicsatomic force microscopyBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENFrontiers in Molecular Biosciences, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	actin bundles macromolecular crowding cations nanomechanics atomic force microscopy Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	actin bundles macromolecular crowding cations nanomechanics atomic force microscopy Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Nicholas Castaneda Nicholas Castaneda Cecile Feuillie Michael Molinari Ellen Hyeran Kang Ellen Hyeran Kang Ellen Hyeran Kang Actin Bundle Nanomechanics and Organization Are Modulated by Macromolecular Crowding and Electrostatic Interactions
description	The structural and mechanical properties of actin bundles are essential to eukaryotic cells, aiding in cell motility and mechanical support of the plasma membrane. Bundle formation occurs in crowded intracellular environments composed of various ions and macromolecules. Although the roles of cations and macromolecular crowding in the mechanics and organization of actin bundles have been independently established, how changing both intracellular environmental conditions influence bundle mechanics at the nanoscale has yet to be established. Here we investigate how electrostatics and depletion interactions modulate the relative Young’s modulus and height of actin bundles using atomic force microscopy. Our results demonstrate that cation- and depletion-induced bundles display an overall reduction of relative Young’s modulus depending on either cation or crowding concentrations. Furthermore, we directly measure changes to cation- and depletion-induced bundle height, indicating that bundles experience alterations to filament packing supporting the reduction to relative Young’s modulus. Taken together, our work suggests that electrostatic and depletion interactions may act counteractively, impacting actin bundle nanomechanics and organization.
format	article
author	Nicholas Castaneda Nicholas Castaneda Cecile Feuillie Michael Molinari Ellen Hyeran Kang Ellen Hyeran Kang Ellen Hyeran Kang
author_facet	Nicholas Castaneda Nicholas Castaneda Cecile Feuillie Michael Molinari Ellen Hyeran Kang Ellen Hyeran Kang Ellen Hyeran Kang
author_sort	Nicholas Castaneda
title	Actin Bundle Nanomechanics and Organization Are Modulated by Macromolecular Crowding and Electrostatic Interactions
title_short	Actin Bundle Nanomechanics and Organization Are Modulated by Macromolecular Crowding and Electrostatic Interactions
title_full	Actin Bundle Nanomechanics and Organization Are Modulated by Macromolecular Crowding and Electrostatic Interactions
title_fullStr	Actin Bundle Nanomechanics and Organization Are Modulated by Macromolecular Crowding and Electrostatic Interactions
title_full_unstemmed	Actin Bundle Nanomechanics and Organization Are Modulated by Macromolecular Crowding and Electrostatic Interactions
title_sort	actin bundle nanomechanics and organization are modulated by macromolecular crowding and electrostatic interactions
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/90fdb85f12794815a92546f24b528c4d
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Actin Bundle Nanomechanics and Organization Are Modulated by Macromolecular Crowding and Electrostatic Interactions

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