Ecdysteroid-induced programmed cell death is essential for sex-specific wing degeneration of the wingless-female winter moth.

The winter moth, Nyssiodes lefuarius, has a unique life history in that adults appear during early spring after a long pupal diapause from summer to winter. The moth exhibits striking sexual dimorphism in wing form; males have functional wings of normal size, whereas females lack wings. We previousl...

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Autores principales:	Shuhei Niitsu, Kouhei Toga, Shigekazu Tomizuka, Kiyoto Maekawa, Ryuichiro Machida, Takehiko Kamito
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9129cd51a938467582996115ede4055e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9129cd51a938467582996115ede4055e2021-11-18T08:32:09ZEcdysteroid-induced programmed cell death is essential for sex-specific wing degeneration of the wingless-female winter moth.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0089435https://doaj.org/article/9129cd51a938467582996115ede4055e2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24558499/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The winter moth, Nyssiodes lefuarius, has a unique life history in that adults appear during early spring after a long pupal diapause from summer to winter. The moth exhibits striking sexual dimorphism in wing form; males have functional wings of normal size, whereas females lack wings. We previously found that cell death of the pupal epithelium of females appears to display condensed chromatin within phagocytes. To provide additional detailed data for interpreting the role of cell death, we performed light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and TUNEL assay. We consequently detected two modes of cell death, i.e., dying cells showed both DNA fragmentation derived from epithelial nuclei and autophagic vacuole formation. To elucidate the switching mechanism of sex-specific wing degeneration in females of N. lefuarius, we tested the effects of the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) on pupal diapause termination and wing morphogenesis in both sexes. When 20E (5.4 µg) was injected into both sexes within 2 days of pupation, wing degeneration started 4 days after 20E injection in females, whereas wing morphogenesis and scale formation started 6 days after 20E injection in males. We discuss two important findings: (1) degeneration of the pupal wing epithelium of females was not only due to apoptosis and phagocytotic activation but also to autophagy and epithelial cell shrinkage; and (2) 20E terminated the summer diapause of pupae, and triggered selective programmed cell death only of the female-pupal wing epithelium in the wingless female winter moth.Shuhei NiitsuKouhei TogaShigekazu TomizukaKiyoto MaekawaRyuichiro MachidaTakehiko KamitoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 2, p e89435 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Shuhei Niitsu Kouhei Toga Shigekazu Tomizuka Kiyoto Maekawa Ryuichiro Machida Takehiko Kamito Ecdysteroid-induced programmed cell death is essential for sex-specific wing degeneration of the wingless-female winter moth.
description	The winter moth, Nyssiodes lefuarius, has a unique life history in that adults appear during early spring after a long pupal diapause from summer to winter. The moth exhibits striking sexual dimorphism in wing form; males have functional wings of normal size, whereas females lack wings. We previously found that cell death of the pupal epithelium of females appears to display condensed chromatin within phagocytes. To provide additional detailed data for interpreting the role of cell death, we performed light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and TUNEL assay. We consequently detected two modes of cell death, i.e., dying cells showed both DNA fragmentation derived from epithelial nuclei and autophagic vacuole formation. To elucidate the switching mechanism of sex-specific wing degeneration in females of N. lefuarius, we tested the effects of the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) on pupal diapause termination and wing morphogenesis in both sexes. When 20E (5.4 µg) was injected into both sexes within 2 days of pupation, wing degeneration started 4 days after 20E injection in females, whereas wing morphogenesis and scale formation started 6 days after 20E injection in males. We discuss two important findings: (1) degeneration of the pupal wing epithelium of females was not only due to apoptosis and phagocytotic activation but also to autophagy and epithelial cell shrinkage; and (2) 20E terminated the summer diapause of pupae, and triggered selective programmed cell death only of the female-pupal wing epithelium in the wingless female winter moth.
format	article
author	Shuhei Niitsu Kouhei Toga Shigekazu Tomizuka Kiyoto Maekawa Ryuichiro Machida Takehiko Kamito
author_facet	Shuhei Niitsu Kouhei Toga Shigekazu Tomizuka Kiyoto Maekawa Ryuichiro Machida Takehiko Kamito
author_sort	Shuhei Niitsu
title	Ecdysteroid-induced programmed cell death is essential for sex-specific wing degeneration of the wingless-female winter moth.
title_short	Ecdysteroid-induced programmed cell death is essential for sex-specific wing degeneration of the wingless-female winter moth.
title_full	Ecdysteroid-induced programmed cell death is essential for sex-specific wing degeneration of the wingless-female winter moth.
title_fullStr	Ecdysteroid-induced programmed cell death is essential for sex-specific wing degeneration of the wingless-female winter moth.
title_full_unstemmed	Ecdysteroid-induced programmed cell death is essential for sex-specific wing degeneration of the wingless-female winter moth.
title_sort	ecdysteroid-induced programmed cell death is essential for sex-specific wing degeneration of the wingless-female winter moth.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/9129cd51a938467582996115ede4055e
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Ecdysteroid-induced programmed cell death is essential for sex-specific wing degeneration of the wingless-female winter moth.

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