Genotoxic effect of various forms of tobacco on oral buccal mucosa and nuclear changes as a biomarker

Aim: The present study aims to assess the genotoxic effect of various forms of tobacco users on buccal mucosa and nuclear changes as biomarkers. Materials and Methods: The study involves 150 cases, they were divided into three groups (two study groups and one control group). The buccal cytological s...

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Autores principales:	Sowmiya Devadoss, Murali Chinnakonda Raveendranath, T Shanmugam Kathiresan, Kesavan Ganesan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2021
Materias:	micronuclei and other nuclear anomalies nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco) smokers Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441 Analytical chemistry QD71-142
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/915767574e3b4c9188ed6ee6ef520024
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:915767574e3b4c9188ed6ee6ef5200242021-11-19T12:15:52ZGenotoxic effect of various forms of tobacco on oral buccal mucosa and nuclear changes as a biomarker0975-740610.4103/jpbs.jpbs_185_21https://doaj.org/article/915767574e3b4c9188ed6ee6ef5200242021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.jpbsonline.org/article.asp?issn=0975-7406;year=2021;volume=13;issue=6;spage=1141;epage=1148;aulast=Devadosshttps://doaj.org/toc/0975-7406Aim: The present study aims to assess the genotoxic effect of various forms of tobacco users on buccal mucosa and nuclear changes as biomarkers. Materials and Methods: The study involves 150 cases, they were divided into three groups (two study groups and one control group). The buccal cytological smears were taken from three groups: Group I – 50 smokers, Group II – 50 nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco), and Group III – 50 control group. The buccal cells were transferred into a test tube containing Tris-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid buffer (pH = 7) and was centrifuged (Remi® 1500 revolution/min [rpm]). Cell suspensions were transferred to the slides and fixed. The slides were stained using PAP and Feulgen stain. The MN and other nuclear abnormalities were studied and compared. Results: Nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco) had significantly increased frequency of all nuclear anomalies compared to smokers and healthy controls. Binucleation, karyorrhexis, micronuclei (MN), karyolysis, broken egg nuclei, and prominent nucleoli in nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco) and condensed chromatin in smokers were the most frequent anomalies. Binucleation and karyorrhexis were significantly more frequent in nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco) compared to smokers. The other nuclear abnormalities were not statistically significant in smokers and nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco). Conclusion: Numerous studies have stated that MN and other nuclear anomalies were present in higher frequency in smokers and nonsmokers. In our study, we found binucleation and karyorrhexis were statistically significant in nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco) compared to smokers. The other nuclear anomalies showed insignificant results. In order to further validate the significance of this study, a larger sample size has to be studied. On comparing the staining efficacy of smokers and nonsmokers using PAP and Feulgen stain, both the stains showed positive results. In the present study, DNA-specific Feulgen stain shows better staining of nuclear anomalies compared to DNA nonspecific PAP stain, which was found to be statistically significant.Sowmiya DevadossMurali Chinnakonda RaveendranathT Shanmugam KathiresanKesavan GanesanWolters Kluwer Medknow Publicationsarticlemicronuclei and other nuclear anomaliesnonsmokers (smokeless tobacco)smokersPharmacy and materia medicaRS1-441Analytical chemistryQD71-142ENJournal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 6, Pp 1141-1148 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	micronuclei and other nuclear anomalies nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco) smokers Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441 Analytical chemistry QD71-142
spellingShingle	micronuclei and other nuclear anomalies nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco) smokers Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441 Analytical chemistry QD71-142 Sowmiya Devadoss Murali Chinnakonda Raveendranath T Shanmugam Kathiresan Kesavan Ganesan Genotoxic effect of various forms of tobacco on oral buccal mucosa and nuclear changes as a biomarker
description	Aim: The present study aims to assess the genotoxic effect of various forms of tobacco users on buccal mucosa and nuclear changes as biomarkers. Materials and Methods: The study involves 150 cases, they were divided into three groups (two study groups and one control group). The buccal cytological smears were taken from three groups: Group I – 50 smokers, Group II – 50 nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco), and Group III – 50 control group. The buccal cells were transferred into a test tube containing Tris-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid buffer (pH = 7) and was centrifuged (Remi® 1500 revolution/min [rpm]). Cell suspensions were transferred to the slides and fixed. The slides were stained using PAP and Feulgen stain. The MN and other nuclear abnormalities were studied and compared. Results: Nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco) had significantly increased frequency of all nuclear anomalies compared to smokers and healthy controls. Binucleation, karyorrhexis, micronuclei (MN), karyolysis, broken egg nuclei, and prominent nucleoli in nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco) and condensed chromatin in smokers were the most frequent anomalies. Binucleation and karyorrhexis were significantly more frequent in nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco) compared to smokers. The other nuclear abnormalities were not statistically significant in smokers and nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco). Conclusion: Numerous studies have stated that MN and other nuclear anomalies were present in higher frequency in smokers and nonsmokers. In our study, we found binucleation and karyorrhexis were statistically significant in nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco) compared to smokers. The other nuclear anomalies showed insignificant results. In order to further validate the significance of this study, a larger sample size has to be studied. On comparing the staining efficacy of smokers and nonsmokers using PAP and Feulgen stain, both the stains showed positive results. In the present study, DNA-specific Feulgen stain shows better staining of nuclear anomalies compared to DNA nonspecific PAP stain, which was found to be statistically significant.
format	article
author	Sowmiya Devadoss Murali Chinnakonda Raveendranath T Shanmugam Kathiresan Kesavan Ganesan
author_facet	Sowmiya Devadoss Murali Chinnakonda Raveendranath T Shanmugam Kathiresan Kesavan Ganesan
author_sort	Sowmiya Devadoss
title	Genotoxic effect of various forms of tobacco on oral buccal mucosa and nuclear changes as a biomarker
title_short	Genotoxic effect of various forms of tobacco on oral buccal mucosa and nuclear changes as a biomarker
title_full	Genotoxic effect of various forms of tobacco on oral buccal mucosa and nuclear changes as a biomarker
title_fullStr	Genotoxic effect of various forms of tobacco on oral buccal mucosa and nuclear changes as a biomarker
title_full_unstemmed	Genotoxic effect of various forms of tobacco on oral buccal mucosa and nuclear changes as a biomarker
title_sort	genotoxic effect of various forms of tobacco on oral buccal mucosa and nuclear changes as a biomarker
publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/915767574e3b4c9188ed6ee6ef520024
work_keys_str_mv	AT sowmiyadevadoss genotoxiceffectofvariousformsoftobaccoonoralbuccalmucosaandnuclearchangesasabiomarker AT muralichinnakondaraveendranath genotoxiceffectofvariousformsoftobaccoonoralbuccalmucosaandnuclearchangesasabiomarker AT tshanmugamkathiresan genotoxiceffectofvariousformsoftobaccoonoralbuccalmucosaandnuclearchangesasabiomarker AT kesavanganesan genotoxiceffectofvariousformsoftobaccoonoralbuccalmucosaandnuclearchangesasabiomarker
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Genotoxic effect of various forms of tobacco on oral buccal mucosa and nuclear changes as a biomarker

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