Multispecies for multifunctions: combining four complementary species enhances multifunctionality of sown grassland

Abstract Assessing the overall performance of ecosystems requires a quantitative evaluation of multifunctionality. We investigated plant species diversity effects on individual functions and overall multifunctionality in a grassland experiment with sown monocultures and mixtures comprising four key...

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Autores principales:	Matthias Suter, Olivier Huguenin-Elie, Andreas Lüscher
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9172a7f7e81c430c8ec23f2de380ced0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9172a7f7e81c430c8ec23f2de380ced02021-12-02T14:21:57ZMultispecies for multifunctions: combining four complementary species enhances multifunctionality of sown grassland10.1038/s41598-021-82162-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/9172a7f7e81c430c8ec23f2de380ced02021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82162-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Assessing the overall performance of ecosystems requires a quantitative evaluation of multifunctionality. We investigated plant species diversity effects on individual functions and overall multifunctionality in a grassland experiment with sown monocultures and mixtures comprising four key grass and legume species. Nitrogen fertilisation rates were 50, 150, and 450 kg N ha−1 yr−1 (N50, N150, N450). Ten functions were measured representing forage production, N cycling, and forage quality, all being related to either productivity or environmental footprint. Multifunctionality was analysed by a novel approach using the mean log response ratio across functions. Over three experimental years, mixture effects benefited all forage production and N cycling functions, while sustaining high forage quality. Thus, mixture effects did not provoke any trade-off among the analysed functions. High N fertilisation rates generally diminished mixture benefits. Multifunctionality of four-species mixtures was considerably enhanced, and mixture overall performance was up to 1.9 (N50), 1.8 (N150), and 1.6 times (N450) higher than in averaged monocultures. Multifunctionality of four-species mixtures at N50 was at least as high as in grass monocultures at N450. Sown grass–legume mixtures combining few complementary species at low to moderate N fertilisation sustain high multifunctionality and are a ‘ready-to-use’ option for the sustainable intensification of agriculture.Matthias SuterOlivier Huguenin-ElieAndreas LüscherNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Matthias Suter Olivier Huguenin-Elie Andreas Lüscher Multispecies for multifunctions: combining four complementary species enhances multifunctionality of sown grassland
description	Abstract Assessing the overall performance of ecosystems requires a quantitative evaluation of multifunctionality. We investigated plant species diversity effects on individual functions and overall multifunctionality in a grassland experiment with sown monocultures and mixtures comprising four key grass and legume species. Nitrogen fertilisation rates were 50, 150, and 450 kg N ha−1 yr−1 (N50, N150, N450). Ten functions were measured representing forage production, N cycling, and forage quality, all being related to either productivity or environmental footprint. Multifunctionality was analysed by a novel approach using the mean log response ratio across functions. Over three experimental years, mixture effects benefited all forage production and N cycling functions, while sustaining high forage quality. Thus, mixture effects did not provoke any trade-off among the analysed functions. High N fertilisation rates generally diminished mixture benefits. Multifunctionality of four-species mixtures was considerably enhanced, and mixture overall performance was up to 1.9 (N50), 1.8 (N150), and 1.6 times (N450) higher than in averaged monocultures. Multifunctionality of four-species mixtures at N50 was at least as high as in grass monocultures at N450. Sown grass–legume mixtures combining few complementary species at low to moderate N fertilisation sustain high multifunctionality and are a ‘ready-to-use’ option for the sustainable intensification of agriculture.
format	article
author	Matthias Suter Olivier Huguenin-Elie Andreas Lüscher
author_facet	Matthias Suter Olivier Huguenin-Elie Andreas Lüscher
author_sort	Matthias Suter
title	Multispecies for multifunctions: combining four complementary species enhances multifunctionality of sown grassland
title_short	Multispecies for multifunctions: combining four complementary species enhances multifunctionality of sown grassland
title_full	Multispecies for multifunctions: combining four complementary species enhances multifunctionality of sown grassland
title_fullStr	Multispecies for multifunctions: combining four complementary species enhances multifunctionality of sown grassland
title_full_unstemmed	Multispecies for multifunctions: combining four complementary species enhances multifunctionality of sown grassland
title_sort	multispecies for multifunctions: combining four complementary species enhances multifunctionality of sown grassland
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9172a7f7e81c430c8ec23f2de380ced0
work_keys_str_mv	AT matthiassuter multispeciesformultifunctionscombiningfourcomplementaryspeciesenhancesmultifunctionalityofsowngrassland AT olivierhugueninelie multispeciesformultifunctionscombiningfourcomplementaryspeciesenhancesmultifunctionalityofsowngrassland AT andreasluscher multispeciesformultifunctionscombiningfourcomplementaryspeciesenhancesmultifunctionalityofsowngrassland
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Multispecies for multifunctions: combining four complementary species enhances multifunctionality of sown grassland

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