Determinants of HIV Testing Uptake among Women (aged 15-49 years) in the Philippines, Myanmar, and Cambodia

Background: Many countries have been trying to eliminate Mother-to-Child transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and achieve the 90-90-90 target goals. The targets mean that 90% of People Living with HIV (PLWHIV) know their HIV status, 90% of those who are infected receive Antiretrov...

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Autores principales:	Wah Myint, David Washburn, Brian Colwell, Jay Maddock
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. 2021
Materias:	HIV/AIDS HIV Testing Women HIV Prevention Stigma and Discrimination Southeast Asia Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/917feca1a01a4aa690c229535c3f599c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:917feca1a01a4aa690c229535c3f599c2021-12-05T14:53:57ZDeterminants of HIV Testing Uptake among Women (aged 15-49 years) in the Philippines, Myanmar, and Cambodia2161-86742161-864Xhttps://doaj.org/article/917feca1a01a4aa690c229535c3f599c2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mchandaids.org/index.php/IJMA/article/view/525https://doaj.org/toc/2161-8674https://doaj.org/toc/2161-864X Background: Many countries have been trying to eliminate Mother-to-Child transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and achieve the 90-90-90 target goals. The targets mean that 90% of People Living with HIV (PLWHIV) know their HIV status, 90% of those who are infected receive Antiretroviral treatment (ART), and 90% of those achieve viral suppression. Despite some progress, the goals have not been met in the Philippines, Myanmar, and Cambodia, countries with relatively high or growing HIV prevalence. This study identifies the sociodemographic determinants of testing among women in these countries so that better health education and stigma reduction strategies can be developed. Methods: Descriptive and multivariable analyses were conducted using Demographic and Health Survey data conducted in the Philippines (2017), Myanmar (2015/2016), and Cambodia (2014). The outcome variable was having ever been tested for HIV. Independent variables included knowledge and attitudes about HIV and social determinants of health. Results: A significant difference in testing rates among women was observed (the Philippines: 5%, Myanmar: 19%, Cambodia: 42%). In Myanmar and Cambodia, women who had more HIV knowledge and less stigma towards PLWHIV were more likely to get tested for HIV than those who did not. Marital status, education, wealth were strong predictors for HIV testing among women. Younger women aged 15-19 and those who live in the rural areas were less likely to get HIV tested than older and those living in urban areas. Employed women were less likely to seek an HIV test than the unemployed in Myanmar and Cambodia, whereas, in the Philippines, the opposite relationship was found. Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Women with less education and those less familiar with HIV should be targeted for HIV testing interventions. Stigma reduction and different testing strategies could facilitate early screening leading to improved HIV testing among women. Copyright © 2021 Myint et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0. Wah MyintDavid WashburnBrian ColwellJay MaddockGlobal Health and Education Projects, Inc.articleHIV/AIDS HIV Testing Women HIV Prevention Stigma and Discrimination Southeast AsiaPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENInternational Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS, Vol 10, Iss 2 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	HIV/AIDS HIV Testing Women HIV Prevention Stigma and Discrimination Southeast Asia Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	HIV/AIDS HIV Testing Women HIV Prevention Stigma and Discrimination Southeast Asia Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Wah Myint David Washburn Brian Colwell Jay Maddock Determinants of HIV Testing Uptake among Women (aged 15-49 years) in the Philippines, Myanmar, and Cambodia
description	Background: Many countries have been trying to eliminate Mother-to-Child transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and achieve the 90-90-90 target goals. The targets mean that 90% of People Living with HIV (PLWHIV) know their HIV status, 90% of those who are infected receive Antiretroviral treatment (ART), and 90% of those achieve viral suppression. Despite some progress, the goals have not been met in the Philippines, Myanmar, and Cambodia, countries with relatively high or growing HIV prevalence. This study identifies the sociodemographic determinants of testing among women in these countries so that better health education and stigma reduction strategies can be developed. Methods: Descriptive and multivariable analyses were conducted using Demographic and Health Survey data conducted in the Philippines (2017), Myanmar (2015/2016), and Cambodia (2014). The outcome variable was having ever been tested for HIV. Independent variables included knowledge and attitudes about HIV and social determinants of health. Results: A significant difference in testing rates among women was observed (the Philippines: 5%, Myanmar: 19%, Cambodia: 42%). In Myanmar and Cambodia, women who had more HIV knowledge and less stigma towards PLWHIV were more likely to get tested for HIV than those who did not. Marital status, education, wealth were strong predictors for HIV testing among women. Younger women aged 15-19 and those who live in the rural areas were less likely to get HIV tested than older and those living in urban areas. Employed women were less likely to seek an HIV test than the unemployed in Myanmar and Cambodia, whereas, in the Philippines, the opposite relationship was found. Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Women with less education and those less familiar with HIV should be targeted for HIV testing interventions. Stigma reduction and different testing strategies could facilitate early screening leading to improved HIV testing among women. Copyright © 2021 Myint et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.
format	article
author	Wah Myint David Washburn Brian Colwell Jay Maddock
author_facet	Wah Myint David Washburn Brian Colwell Jay Maddock
author_sort	Wah Myint
title	Determinants of HIV Testing Uptake among Women (aged 15-49 years) in the Philippines, Myanmar, and Cambodia
title_short	Determinants of HIV Testing Uptake among Women (aged 15-49 years) in the Philippines, Myanmar, and Cambodia
title_full	Determinants of HIV Testing Uptake among Women (aged 15-49 years) in the Philippines, Myanmar, and Cambodia
title_fullStr	Determinants of HIV Testing Uptake among Women (aged 15-49 years) in the Philippines, Myanmar, and Cambodia
title_full_unstemmed	Determinants of HIV Testing Uptake among Women (aged 15-49 years) in the Philippines, Myanmar, and Cambodia
title_sort	determinants of hiv testing uptake among women (aged 15-49 years) in the philippines, myanmar, and cambodia
publisher	Global Health and Education Projects, Inc.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/917feca1a01a4aa690c229535c3f599c
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Determinants of HIV Testing Uptake among Women (aged 15-49 years) in the Philippines, Myanmar, and Cambodia

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