Clinical Outcome of Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients with Morbid Obesity—Retrospective and Prospective Follow-Up Studies
<i>Background and objective:</i> There is a general clinical concern on the negative impact of obesity on surgical complications and functional outcomes. We hypothesized that the patients with morbid obesity are exceptionally prone to a significantly increased risk for surgical and short...
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/91953a16d6cd4b0fae58d8fff18ba326 |
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| Sumario: | <i>Background and objective:</i> There is a general clinical concern on the negative impact of obesity on surgical complications and functional outcomes. We hypothesized that the patients with morbid obesity are exceptionally prone to a significantly increased risk for surgical and short-term complications after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). We aimed to identify the range of Body Mass Index (BMI) values of patients with a significant risk for lower functional improvement after THA. <i>Materials and methods:</i> In Stage 1 of the study, we conducted a retrospective comparative analysis of the rate of complications and functional outcomes in patients treated by primary THA, with normal weight (BMI 19–25, <i>N</i> = 1205) vs. Class 1 (BMI 26–34, <i>N</i> = 450), Class 2 (BMI 35–39, <i>N</i> = 183), and Class 3 (BMI ≥ 40, <i>N</i> = 47) obese patients. After the statistical similarity rates of complications and 6- and 12-month functional outcomes (by Harris Hip and SF-36 scores) were revealed in Class 1 patients and patients with normal BMI, we conducted the Stage 2 prospective study, by the same comparison protocol, on the cohorts of Class 2 (<i>N</i> = 29) and Class 3 (<i>N</i> = 16) patients compared to the Class 1 patients (<i>N</i> = 37) as controls. <i>Results:</i> Stage 1: There was no difference in surgical complications and function on 6- and 12-month postoperative follow-up (physical and mental) between Class 1 and patients with normal BMI (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Surgical complications were significantly higher in Class 2 (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and Class 3 (<i>p</i> < 0.001) patients. Functional activity on the 12-month follow-up increased significantly in all study groups, but in the Class 3 patients, the functional parameters were significantly lower (0.001). The mental health status on the follow-up was similar in all study groups. Stage 2 study revealed similar to the retrospective study comparison of parameters, except for the significantly lower mental health scores in Class 2 and Class 3 patients (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and functional scores in Class 3 patients (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <i>Conclusion:</i> Although the functional ability increased in all patients, it was significantly lower in Class 3 patients (with morbid obesity). Therefore, the patients with Class 1 and Class 2 obesity should be conceptionally distinguished from Class 3 patients in the decision-making process for a primary THA because of the less favorable functional and mental health improvement in those with morbid obesity (Class 3). |
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