Small-Sized Co-Polymers for Targeted Delivery of Multiple Imaging and Therapeutic Agents

Research has increasingly focused on the delivery of high, often excessive amounts of drugs, neglecting negative aspects of the carrier’s physical preconditions and biocompatibility. Among them, little attention has been paid to “small but beautiful” design of vehicle and multiple cargo to achieve e...

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Autores principales:	Julia Y. Ljubimova, Arshia Ramesh, Liron L. Israel, Eggehard Holler
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	poly(β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-malic acid) tri-leucine copolymer multi-ligand carrier mini-nano carrier biological barriers blood–brain barrier (BBB) brain tumors Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/919a579566494921b857f05dfe81a6d8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:919a579566494921b857f05dfe81a6d82021-11-25T18:31:31ZSmall-Sized Co-Polymers for Targeted Delivery of Multiple Imaging and Therapeutic Agents10.3390/nano111129962079-4991https://doaj.org/article/919a579566494921b857f05dfe81a6d82021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2996https://doaj.org/toc/2079-4991Research has increasingly focused on the delivery of high, often excessive amounts of drugs, neglecting negative aspects of the carrier’s physical preconditions and biocompatibility. Among them, little attention has been paid to “small but beautiful” design of vehicle and multiple cargo to achieve effortless targeted delivery into deep tissue. The design of small biopolymers for deep tissue targeted delivery of multiple imaging agents and therapeutics (mini-nano carriers) emphasizes linear flexible polymer platforms with a hydrodynamic diameter of 4 nm to 10 nm, geometrically favoring dynamic juxtaposition of ligands to host receptors, and economic drug content. Platforms of biodegradable, non-toxic poly(β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-malic acid) of this size carrying multiple chemically bound, optionally nature-derived or synthetic affinity peptides and drugs for a variety of purposes are described in this review with specific examples. The size, shape, and multiple attachments to membrane sites accelerate vascular escape and fast blood clearance, as well as the increase in medical treatment and contrasts for tissue imaging. High affinity antibodies routinely considered for targeting, such as the brain through the blood–brain barrier (BBB), are replaced by moderate affinity binding peptides (vectors), which penetrate at high influxes not achievable by antibodies.Julia Y. LjubimovaArshia RameshLiron L. IsraelEggehard HollerMDPI AGarticlepoly(β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-malic acid) tri-leucine copolymermulti-ligand carriermini-nano carrierbiological barriersblood–brain barrier (BBB)brain tumorsChemistryQD1-999ENNanomaterials, Vol 11, Iss 2996, p 2996 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	poly(β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-malic acid) tri-leucine copolymer multi-ligand carrier mini-nano carrier biological barriers blood–brain barrier (BBB) brain tumors Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	poly(β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-malic acid) tri-leucine copolymer multi-ligand carrier mini-nano carrier biological barriers blood–brain barrier (BBB) brain tumors Chemistry QD1-999 Julia Y. Ljubimova Arshia Ramesh Liron L. Israel Eggehard Holler Small-Sized Co-Polymers for Targeted Delivery of Multiple Imaging and Therapeutic Agents
description	Research has increasingly focused on the delivery of high, often excessive amounts of drugs, neglecting negative aspects of the carrier’s physical preconditions and biocompatibility. Among them, little attention has been paid to “small but beautiful” design of vehicle and multiple cargo to achieve effortless targeted delivery into deep tissue. The design of small biopolymers for deep tissue targeted delivery of multiple imaging agents and therapeutics (mini-nano carriers) emphasizes linear flexible polymer platforms with a hydrodynamic diameter of 4 nm to 10 nm, geometrically favoring dynamic juxtaposition of ligands to host receptors, and economic drug content. Platforms of biodegradable, non-toxic poly(β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-malic acid) of this size carrying multiple chemically bound, optionally nature-derived or synthetic affinity peptides and drugs for a variety of purposes are described in this review with specific examples. The size, shape, and multiple attachments to membrane sites accelerate vascular escape and fast blood clearance, as well as the increase in medical treatment and contrasts for tissue imaging. High affinity antibodies routinely considered for targeting, such as the brain through the blood–brain barrier (BBB), are replaced by moderate affinity binding peptides (vectors), which penetrate at high influxes not achievable by antibodies.
format	article
author	Julia Y. Ljubimova Arshia Ramesh Liron L. Israel Eggehard Holler
author_facet	Julia Y. Ljubimova Arshia Ramesh Liron L. Israel Eggehard Holler
author_sort	Julia Y. Ljubimova
title	Small-Sized Co-Polymers for Targeted Delivery of Multiple Imaging and Therapeutic Agents
title_short	Small-Sized Co-Polymers for Targeted Delivery of Multiple Imaging and Therapeutic Agents
title_full	Small-Sized Co-Polymers for Targeted Delivery of Multiple Imaging and Therapeutic Agents
title_fullStr	Small-Sized Co-Polymers for Targeted Delivery of Multiple Imaging and Therapeutic Agents
title_full_unstemmed	Small-Sized Co-Polymers for Targeted Delivery of Multiple Imaging and Therapeutic Agents
title_sort	small-sized co-polymers for targeted delivery of multiple imaging and therapeutic agents
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/919a579566494921b857f05dfe81a6d8
work_keys_str_mv	AT juliayljubimova smallsizedcopolymersfortargeteddeliveryofmultipleimagingandtherapeuticagents AT arshiaramesh smallsizedcopolymersfortargeteddeliveryofmultipleimagingandtherapeuticagents AT lironlisrael smallsizedcopolymersfortargeteddeliveryofmultipleimagingandtherapeuticagents AT eggehardholler smallsizedcopolymersfortargeteddeliveryofmultipleimagingandtherapeuticagents
_version_	1718411032125243392

Small-Sized Co-Polymers for Targeted Delivery of Multiple Imaging and Therapeutic Agents

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