Evaluation of residual antimicrobial activity and acute toxicity during the degradation of gatifloxacin by ozonation

The concerns regarding the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plants have increased in the last decades. Gatifloxacin (GAT), the fourth generation of fluoroquinolones, has been widely used to treat both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and has a limited metabolization. The...

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Autores principales:	Marlon Caianelo, Caio Rodrigues-Silva, Milena Guedes Maniero, Vinicius Diniz, Mylena Spina, José Roberto Guimarães
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	advanced oxidation process degradation products fluoroquinolone microtox® ozonation Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/919b5b584ddb42ed8d6df8943b9dbdb3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:919b5b584ddb42ed8d6df8943b9dbdb32021-11-06T11:12:00ZEvaluation of residual antimicrobial activity and acute toxicity during the degradation of gatifloxacin by ozonation0273-12231996-973210.2166/wst.2021.208https://doaj.org/article/919b5b584ddb42ed8d6df8943b9dbdb32021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttp://wst.iwaponline.com/content/84/1/225https://doaj.org/toc/0273-1223https://doaj.org/toc/1996-9732The concerns regarding the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plants have increased in the last decades. Gatifloxacin (GAT), the fourth generation of fluoroquinolones, has been widely used to treat both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and has a limited metabolization. The present study aimed to evaluate ozonation as a technique to degrade GAT. An exchange A UHPLC-MS/MS by an UHPLC-MS/MS method was used to quantify the residual of GAT and to assess its degradation products. The removal efficiency was higher under alkaline conditions (pH = 10), reaching up to 99% of GAT after 4 min. It was also observed that the first ozone attack on the GAT molecule was through the carboxylic group. In contrast, under acid conditions (pH = 3), the ozone attack was first to the piperazinyl ring. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis as test organisms, and it was observed that the residual activity reduced most under alkaline conditions. In contrast, the best condition to remove the residual toxicity evaluated for the marine bacteria V. fischeri was the acidic one. Due to this, ozonation seemed to be an exciting process to remove GAT in aqueous media. Highlights Ozonation at pH 3 did not increase solution residual toxicity.; Antimicrobial activity decreased proportional to gatifloxacin conversion.; Ozonation at pH >7 increased solution residual toxicity.; Degradation products presented lower antimicrobial activity.; Proposed by-products presented lower toxicity.;Marlon CaianeloCaio Rodrigues-SilvaMilena Guedes ManieroVinicius DinizMylena SpinaJosé Roberto GuimarãesIWA Publishingarticleadvanced oxidation processdegradation productsfluoroquinolonemicrotox®ozonationEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066ENWater Science and Technology, Vol 84, Iss 1, Pp 225-236 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	advanced oxidation process degradation products fluoroquinolone microtox® ozonation Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
spellingShingle	advanced oxidation process degradation products fluoroquinolone microtox® ozonation Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Marlon Caianelo Caio Rodrigues-Silva Milena Guedes Maniero Vinicius Diniz Mylena Spina José Roberto Guimarães Evaluation of residual antimicrobial activity and acute toxicity during the degradation of gatifloxacin by ozonation
description	The concerns regarding the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plants have increased in the last decades. Gatifloxacin (GAT), the fourth generation of fluoroquinolones, has been widely used to treat both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and has a limited metabolization. The present study aimed to evaluate ozonation as a technique to degrade GAT. An exchange A UHPLC-MS/MS by an UHPLC-MS/MS method was used to quantify the residual of GAT and to assess its degradation products. The removal efficiency was higher under alkaline conditions (pH = 10), reaching up to 99% of GAT after 4 min. It was also observed that the first ozone attack on the GAT molecule was through the carboxylic group. In contrast, under acid conditions (pH = 3), the ozone attack was first to the piperazinyl ring. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis as test organisms, and it was observed that the residual activity reduced most under alkaline conditions. In contrast, the best condition to remove the residual toxicity evaluated for the marine bacteria V. fischeri was the acidic one. Due to this, ozonation seemed to be an exciting process to remove GAT in aqueous media. Highlights Ozonation at pH 3 did not increase solution residual toxicity.; Antimicrobial activity decreased proportional to gatifloxacin conversion.; Ozonation at pH >7 increased solution residual toxicity.; Degradation products presented lower antimicrobial activity.; Proposed by-products presented lower toxicity.;
format	article
author	Marlon Caianelo Caio Rodrigues-Silva Milena Guedes Maniero Vinicius Diniz Mylena Spina José Roberto Guimarães
author_facet	Marlon Caianelo Caio Rodrigues-Silva Milena Guedes Maniero Vinicius Diniz Mylena Spina José Roberto Guimarães
author_sort	Marlon Caianelo
title	Evaluation of residual antimicrobial activity and acute toxicity during the degradation of gatifloxacin by ozonation
title_short	Evaluation of residual antimicrobial activity and acute toxicity during the degradation of gatifloxacin by ozonation
title_full	Evaluation of residual antimicrobial activity and acute toxicity during the degradation of gatifloxacin by ozonation
title_fullStr	Evaluation of residual antimicrobial activity and acute toxicity during the degradation of gatifloxacin by ozonation
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of residual antimicrobial activity and acute toxicity during the degradation of gatifloxacin by ozonation
title_sort	evaluation of residual antimicrobial activity and acute toxicity during the degradation of gatifloxacin by ozonation
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/919b5b584ddb42ed8d6df8943b9dbdb3
work_keys_str_mv	AT marloncaianelo evaluationofresidualantimicrobialactivityandacutetoxicityduringthedegradationofgatifloxacinbyozonation AT caiorodriguessilva evaluationofresidualantimicrobialactivityandacutetoxicityduringthedegradationofgatifloxacinbyozonation AT milenaguedesmaniero evaluationofresidualantimicrobialactivityandacutetoxicityduringthedegradationofgatifloxacinbyozonation AT viniciusdiniz evaluationofresidualantimicrobialactivityandacutetoxicityduringthedegradationofgatifloxacinbyozonation AT mylenaspina evaluationofresidualantimicrobialactivityandacutetoxicityduringthedegradationofgatifloxacinbyozonation AT joserobertoguimaraes evaluationofresidualantimicrobialactivityandacutetoxicityduringthedegradationofgatifloxacinbyozonation
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Evaluation of residual antimicrobial activity and acute toxicity during the degradation of gatifloxacin by ozonation

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