Investigation of eggshell as catalyst on the torrefaction of empty fruit bunch

Biomass derived energy is considered as a sustainable energy. However, the utilization of biomass as a solid fuel has many challenges such as low energy density, high moisture and volatile matter content. Hence, torrefaction is one of the thermal treatments applied to enhance the fuel properties of...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Esther Hui Xian Lim, Kar Yee Chong, Ming Khai Chok, Choon Hui Lock, Yen Yee Chong, Suchithra Thangalazhy-Gopakumar, Hoon Kiat Ng, Lai Yee Lee, Suyin Gan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2021
Materias:	Eggshell catalyst Energy yield Empty fruit bunch Proximate analysis Torrefaction Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Energy conservation TJ163.26-163.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/91bb5f9c88bf4f35aff8d538da5aebff
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:91bb5f9c88bf4f35aff8d538da5aebff
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:91bb5f9c88bf4f35aff8d538da5aebff2021-11-30T04:17:00ZInvestigation of eggshell as catalyst on the torrefaction of empty fruit bunch2589-299110.1016/j.mset.2021.06.003https://doaj.org/article/91bb5f9c88bf4f35aff8d538da5aebff2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589299121000185https://doaj.org/toc/2589-2991Biomass derived energy is considered as a sustainable energy. However, the utilization of biomass as a solid fuel has many challenges such as low energy density, high moisture and volatile matter content. Hence, torrefaction is one of the thermal treatments applied to enhance the fuel properties of biomass. The objective of this research was to investigate the influence of calcium-based catalyst on the torrefaction of empty fruit bunch (EFB). Waste eggshell was utilized as Ca source as it stands to be beneficial in terms of availability and cost. The effect of torrefaction parameters such as temperatures from 200 °C to 300 °C, residence times from 30 min to 90 min, and the catalyst amounts from 0 wt% to 15 wt% were investigated. Among the three process parameters, temperature had the most significant effect on mass and energy yield. However, the effect of residence time and the catalyst loading was relatively insignificant. With the increment in torrefaction temperature, higher heating value (HHV) and carbon content in torrefied biomass increased. After catalytic torrefaction, the torrefied biomass displayed increment on cellulose crystallinity and volatile matter content. Moreover, the surface structure of catalytic torrefied biomass at 300 °C was turned into highly fibrous surface due to degradation of lignin. The results from this study concluded that the eggshell catalyst did not alter the characteristics of solid fuel significantly in torrefaction.Esther Hui Xian LimKar Yee ChongMing Khai ChokChoon Hui LockYen Yee ChongSuchithra Thangalazhy-GopakumarHoon Kiat NgLai Yee LeeSuyin GanKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.articleEggshell catalystEnergy yieldEmpty fruit bunchProximate analysisTorrefactionMaterials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materialsTA401-492Energy conservationTJ163.26-163.5ENMaterials Science for Energy Technologies, Vol 4, Iss , Pp 189-201 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Eggshell catalyst Energy yield Empty fruit bunch Proximate analysis Torrefaction Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Energy conservation TJ163.26-163.5
spellingShingle	Eggshell catalyst Energy yield Empty fruit bunch Proximate analysis Torrefaction Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Energy conservation TJ163.26-163.5 Esther Hui Xian Lim Kar Yee Chong Ming Khai Chok Choon Hui Lock Yen Yee Chong Suchithra Thangalazhy-Gopakumar Hoon Kiat Ng Lai Yee Lee Suyin Gan Investigation of eggshell as catalyst on the torrefaction of empty fruit bunch
description	Biomass derived energy is considered as a sustainable energy. However, the utilization of biomass as a solid fuel has many challenges such as low energy density, high moisture and volatile matter content. Hence, torrefaction is one of the thermal treatments applied to enhance the fuel properties of biomass. The objective of this research was to investigate the influence of calcium-based catalyst on the torrefaction of empty fruit bunch (EFB). Waste eggshell was utilized as Ca source as it stands to be beneficial in terms of availability and cost. The effect of torrefaction parameters such as temperatures from 200 °C to 300 °C, residence times from 30 min to 90 min, and the catalyst amounts from 0 wt% to 15 wt% were investigated. Among the three process parameters, temperature had the most significant effect on mass and energy yield. However, the effect of residence time and the catalyst loading was relatively insignificant. With the increment in torrefaction temperature, higher heating value (HHV) and carbon content in torrefied biomass increased. After catalytic torrefaction, the torrefied biomass displayed increment on cellulose crystallinity and volatile matter content. Moreover, the surface structure of catalytic torrefied biomass at 300 °C was turned into highly fibrous surface due to degradation of lignin. The results from this study concluded that the eggshell catalyst did not alter the characteristics of solid fuel significantly in torrefaction.
format	article
author	Esther Hui Xian Lim Kar Yee Chong Ming Khai Chok Choon Hui Lock Yen Yee Chong Suchithra Thangalazhy-Gopakumar Hoon Kiat Ng Lai Yee Lee Suyin Gan
author_facet	Esther Hui Xian Lim Kar Yee Chong Ming Khai Chok Choon Hui Lock Yen Yee Chong Suchithra Thangalazhy-Gopakumar Hoon Kiat Ng Lai Yee Lee Suyin Gan
author_sort	Esther Hui Xian Lim
title	Investigation of eggshell as catalyst on the torrefaction of empty fruit bunch
title_short	Investigation of eggshell as catalyst on the torrefaction of empty fruit bunch
title_full	Investigation of eggshell as catalyst on the torrefaction of empty fruit bunch
title_fullStr	Investigation of eggshell as catalyst on the torrefaction of empty fruit bunch
title_full_unstemmed	Investigation of eggshell as catalyst on the torrefaction of empty fruit bunch
title_sort	investigation of eggshell as catalyst on the torrefaction of empty fruit bunch
publisher	KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/91bb5f9c88bf4f35aff8d538da5aebff
work_keys_str_mv	AT estherhuixianlim investigationofeggshellascatalystonthetorrefactionofemptyfruitbunch AT karyeechong investigationofeggshellascatalystonthetorrefactionofemptyfruitbunch AT mingkhaichok investigationofeggshellascatalystonthetorrefactionofemptyfruitbunch AT choonhuilock investigationofeggshellascatalystonthetorrefactionofemptyfruitbunch AT yenyeechong investigationofeggshellascatalystonthetorrefactionofemptyfruitbunch AT suchithrathangalazhygopakumar investigationofeggshellascatalystonthetorrefactionofemptyfruitbunch AT hoonkiatng investigationofeggshellascatalystonthetorrefactionofemptyfruitbunch AT laiyeelee investigationofeggshellascatalystonthetorrefactionofemptyfruitbunch AT suyingan investigationofeggshellascatalystonthetorrefactionofemptyfruitbunch
_version_	1718406762941382656

Investigation of eggshell as catalyst on the torrefaction of empty fruit bunch

Ejemplares similares