Exploring antibody repurposing for COVID-19: beyond presumed roles of therapeutic antibodies

Abstract The urgent need for a treatment of COVID-19 has left researchers with limited choice of either developing an effective vaccine or identifying approved/investigational drugs developed for other medical conditions for potential repurposing, thus bypassing long clinical trials. In this work, w...

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Autores principales:	Puneet Rawat, Divya Sharma, Ambuj Srivastava, Vani Janakiraman, M. Michael Gromiha
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/91d1b92f687040aebb2d043b3dfc7e60
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:91d1b92f687040aebb2d043b3dfc7e602021-12-02T17:15:32ZExploring antibody repurposing for COVID-19: beyond presumed roles of therapeutic antibodies10.1038/s41598-021-89621-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/91d1b92f687040aebb2d043b3dfc7e602021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89621-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The urgent need for a treatment of COVID-19 has left researchers with limited choice of either developing an effective vaccine or identifying approved/investigational drugs developed for other medical conditions for potential repurposing, thus bypassing long clinical trials. In this work, we compared the sequences of experimentally verified SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and sequentially/structurally similar commercialized therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. We have identified three therapeutic antibodies, Tremelimumab, Ipilimumab and Afasevikumab. Interestingly, these antibodies target CTLA4 and IL17A, levels of which have been shown to be elevated during severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. The candidate antibodies were evaluated further for epitope restriction, interaction energy and interaction surface to gauge their repurposability to tackle SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our work provides candidate antibody scaffolds with dual activities of plausible viral neutralization and immunosuppression. Further, these candidate antibodies can also be explored in diagnostic test kits for SARS-CoV-2 infection. We opine that this in silico workflow to screen and analyze antibodies for repurposing would have widespread applications.Puneet RawatDivya SharmaAmbuj SrivastavaVani JanakiramanM. Michael GromihaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Puneet Rawat Divya Sharma Ambuj Srivastava Vani Janakiraman M. Michael Gromiha Exploring antibody repurposing for COVID-19: beyond presumed roles of therapeutic antibodies
description	Abstract The urgent need for a treatment of COVID-19 has left researchers with limited choice of either developing an effective vaccine or identifying approved/investigational drugs developed for other medical conditions for potential repurposing, thus bypassing long clinical trials. In this work, we compared the sequences of experimentally verified SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and sequentially/structurally similar commercialized therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. We have identified three therapeutic antibodies, Tremelimumab, Ipilimumab and Afasevikumab. Interestingly, these antibodies target CTLA4 and IL17A, levels of which have been shown to be elevated during severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. The candidate antibodies were evaluated further for epitope restriction, interaction energy and interaction surface to gauge their repurposability to tackle SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our work provides candidate antibody scaffolds with dual activities of plausible viral neutralization and immunosuppression. Further, these candidate antibodies can also be explored in diagnostic test kits for SARS-CoV-2 infection. We opine that this in silico workflow to screen and analyze antibodies for repurposing would have widespread applications.
format	article
author	Puneet Rawat Divya Sharma Ambuj Srivastava Vani Janakiraman M. Michael Gromiha
author_facet	Puneet Rawat Divya Sharma Ambuj Srivastava Vani Janakiraman M. Michael Gromiha
author_sort	Puneet Rawat
title	Exploring antibody repurposing for COVID-19: beyond presumed roles of therapeutic antibodies
title_short	Exploring antibody repurposing for COVID-19: beyond presumed roles of therapeutic antibodies
title_full	Exploring antibody repurposing for COVID-19: beyond presumed roles of therapeutic antibodies
title_fullStr	Exploring antibody repurposing for COVID-19: beyond presumed roles of therapeutic antibodies
title_full_unstemmed	Exploring antibody repurposing for COVID-19: beyond presumed roles of therapeutic antibodies
title_sort	exploring antibody repurposing for covid-19: beyond presumed roles of therapeutic antibodies
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/91d1b92f687040aebb2d043b3dfc7e60
work_keys_str_mv	AT puneetrawat exploringantibodyrepurposingforcovid19beyondpresumedrolesoftherapeuticantibodies AT divyasharma exploringantibodyrepurposingforcovid19beyondpresumedrolesoftherapeuticantibodies AT ambujsrivastava exploringantibodyrepurposingforcovid19beyondpresumedrolesoftherapeuticantibodies AT vanijanakiraman exploringantibodyrepurposingforcovid19beyondpresumedrolesoftherapeuticantibodies AT mmichaelgromiha exploringantibodyrepurposingforcovid19beyondpresumedrolesoftherapeuticantibodies
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Exploring antibody repurposing for COVID-19: beyond presumed roles of therapeutic antibodies

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