Staphylococcal Virulence Factors on the Skin of Atopic Dermatitis Patients

ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections, bacteremia, infective endocarditis, osteoarticular, pleuropulmonary, and device-related infections. Virulence factors secreted by S. aureus, including superantigens and cytotoxins, play significant roles in drivi...

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Autores principales:	Mary C. Moran, Michael P. Cahill, Matthew G. Brewer, Takeshi Yoshida, Sara Knowlden, Nelissa Perez-Nazario, Patrick M. Schlievert, Lisa A. Beck
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2019
Materias:	Staphylococcus aureus atopic dermatitis infections skin superantigens Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/926d2a27531c49c49fb534421f094da9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:926d2a27531c49c49fb534421f094da92021-11-15T15:22:24ZStaphylococcal Virulence Factors on the Skin of Atopic Dermatitis Patients10.1128/mSphere.00616-192379-5042https://doaj.org/article/926d2a27531c49c49fb534421f094da92019-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00616-19https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections, bacteremia, infective endocarditis, osteoarticular, pleuropulmonary, and device-related infections. Virulence factors secreted by S. aureus, including superantigens and cytotoxins, play significant roles in driving disease. The ability to identify virulence factors present at the site of infection will be an important tool in better identifying and understanding how specific virulence factors contribute to disease. Previously, virulence factor production has been determined by culturing S. aureus isolates and detecting the mRNA of specific virulence factors. We demonstrated for the first time that virulence factors can be directly detected at the protein level from human samples, removing the need to first culture isolated bacteria. Superantigens and cytotoxins were detected and quantified with a Western dot blot assay by using reconstituted skin swabs obtained from patients with atopic dermatitis. This methodology will significantly enhance our ability to investigate the complex host-microbe environment and the effects various therapies have on virulence factor production. Overall, the ability to directly quantify virulence factors present at the site of infection or colonization will enhance our understanding of S. aureus-related diseases and help identify optimal treatments. IMPORTANCE For the first time, we show that secreted staphylococcal virulence factors can be quantified at the protein level directly from skin swabs obtained from the skin of atopic dermatitis patients. This technique eliminates the need to culture Staphylococcus aureus and then test the strain’s potential to produce secreted virulence factors. Our methodology shows that secreted virulence factors are present on the skin of atopic patients and provides a more accurate means of evaluating the physiological impact of S. aureus in inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis.Mary C. MoranMichael P. CahillMatthew G. BrewerTakeshi YoshidaSara KnowldenNelissa Perez-NazarioPatrick M. SchlievertLisa A. BeckAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleStaphylococcus aureusatopic dermatitisinfectionsskinsuperantigensMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 4, Iss 6 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Staphylococcus aureus atopic dermatitis infections skin superantigens Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Staphylococcus aureus atopic dermatitis infections skin superantigens Microbiology QR1-502 Mary C. Moran Michael P. Cahill Matthew G. Brewer Takeshi Yoshida Sara Knowlden Nelissa Perez-Nazario Patrick M. Schlievert Lisa A. Beck Staphylococcal Virulence Factors on the Skin of Atopic Dermatitis Patients
description	ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections, bacteremia, infective endocarditis, osteoarticular, pleuropulmonary, and device-related infections. Virulence factors secreted by S. aureus, including superantigens and cytotoxins, play significant roles in driving disease. The ability to identify virulence factors present at the site of infection will be an important tool in better identifying and understanding how specific virulence factors contribute to disease. Previously, virulence factor production has been determined by culturing S. aureus isolates and detecting the mRNA of specific virulence factors. We demonstrated for the first time that virulence factors can be directly detected at the protein level from human samples, removing the need to first culture isolated bacteria. Superantigens and cytotoxins were detected and quantified with a Western dot blot assay by using reconstituted skin swabs obtained from patients with atopic dermatitis. This methodology will significantly enhance our ability to investigate the complex host-microbe environment and the effects various therapies have on virulence factor production. Overall, the ability to directly quantify virulence factors present at the site of infection or colonization will enhance our understanding of S. aureus-related diseases and help identify optimal treatments. IMPORTANCE For the first time, we show that secreted staphylococcal virulence factors can be quantified at the protein level directly from skin swabs obtained from the skin of atopic dermatitis patients. This technique eliminates the need to culture Staphylococcus aureus and then test the strain’s potential to produce secreted virulence factors. Our methodology shows that secreted virulence factors are present on the skin of atopic patients and provides a more accurate means of evaluating the physiological impact of S. aureus in inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis.
format	article
author	Mary C. Moran Michael P. Cahill Matthew G. Brewer Takeshi Yoshida Sara Knowlden Nelissa Perez-Nazario Patrick M. Schlievert Lisa A. Beck
author_facet	Mary C. Moran Michael P. Cahill Matthew G. Brewer Takeshi Yoshida Sara Knowlden Nelissa Perez-Nazario Patrick M. Schlievert Lisa A. Beck
author_sort	Mary C. Moran
title	Staphylococcal Virulence Factors on the Skin of Atopic Dermatitis Patients
title_short	Staphylococcal Virulence Factors on the Skin of Atopic Dermatitis Patients
title_full	Staphylococcal Virulence Factors on the Skin of Atopic Dermatitis Patients
title_fullStr	Staphylococcal Virulence Factors on the Skin of Atopic Dermatitis Patients
title_full_unstemmed	Staphylococcal Virulence Factors on the Skin of Atopic Dermatitis Patients
title_sort	staphylococcal virulence factors on the skin of atopic dermatitis patients
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/926d2a27531c49c49fb534421f094da9
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Staphylococcal Virulence Factors on the Skin of Atopic Dermatitis Patients

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