Long-Term Warming in Alaska Enlarges the Diazotrophic Community in Deep Soils

ABSTRACT Tundra ecosystems are typically carbon (C) rich but nitrogen (N) limited. Since biological N2 fixation is the major source of biologically available N, the soil N2-fixing (i.e., diazotrophic) community serves as an essential N supplier to the tundra ecosystem. Recent climate warming has ind...

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Autores principales:	Jiajie Feng, C. Ryan Penton, Zhili He, Joy D. Van Nostrand, Mengting M. Yuan, Liyou Wu, Cong Wang, Yujia Qin, Zhou J. Shi, Xue Guo, Edward A. G. Schuur, Yiqi Luo, Rosvel Bracho, Konstantinos T. Konstantinidis, James R. Cole, James M. Tiedje, Yunfeng Yang, Jizhong Zhou
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2019
Materias:	climate warming diazotrophs gene sequencing soil microbiology tundra Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/927189d12c994c978e5f2991eaac66e0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:927189d12c994c978e5f2991eaac66e02021-11-15T15:55:14ZLong-Term Warming in Alaska Enlarges the Diazotrophic Community in Deep Soils10.1128/mBio.02521-182150-7511https://doaj.org/article/927189d12c994c978e5f2991eaac66e02019-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.02521-18https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Tundra ecosystems are typically carbon (C) rich but nitrogen (N) limited. Since biological N2 fixation is the major source of biologically available N, the soil N2-fixing (i.e., diazotrophic) community serves as an essential N supplier to the tundra ecosystem. Recent climate warming has induced deeper permafrost thaw and adversely affected C sequestration, which is modulated by N availability. Therefore, it is crucial to examine the responses of diazotrophic communities to warming across the depths of tundra soils. Herein, we carried out one of the deepest sequencing efforts of nitrogenase gene (nifH) to investigate how 5 years of experimental winter warming affects Alaskan soil diazotrophic community composition and abundance spanning both the organic and mineral layers. Although soil depth had a stronger influence on diazotrophic community composition than warming, warming significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced diazotrophic abundance by 86.3% and aboveground plant biomass by 25.2%. Diazotrophic composition in the middle and lower organic layers, detected by nifH sequencing and a microarray-based tool (GeoChip), was markedly altered, with an increase of α-diversity. Changes in diazotrophic abundance and composition significantly correlated with soil moisture, soil thaw duration, and plant biomass, as shown by structural equation modeling analyses. Therefore, more abundant diazotrophic communities induced by warming may potentially serve as an important mechanism for supplementing biologically available N in this tundra ecosystem. IMPORTANCE With the likelihood that changes in global climate will adversely affect the soil C reservoir in the northern circumpolar permafrost zone, an understanding of the potential role of diazotrophic communities in enhancing biological N2 fixation, which constrains both plant production and microbial decomposition in tundra soils, is important in elucidating the responses of soil microbial communities to global climate change. A recent study showed that the composition of the diazotrophic community in a tundra soil exhibited no change under a short-term (1.5-year) winter warming experiment. However, it remains crucial to examine whether the lack of diazotrophic community responses to warming is persistent over a longer time period as a possibly important mechanism in stabilizing tundra soil C. Through a detailed characterization of the effects of winter warming on diazotrophic communities, we showed that a long-term (5-year) winter warming substantially enhanced diazotrophic abundance and altered community composition, though soil depth had a stronger influence on diazotrophic community composition than warming. These changes were best explained by changes in soil moisture, soil thaw duration, and plant biomass. These results provide crucial insights into the potential factors that may impact future C and N availability in tundra regions.Jiajie FengC. Ryan PentonZhili HeJoy D. Van NostrandMengting M. YuanLiyou WuCong WangYujia QinZhou J. ShiXue GuoEdward A. G. SchuurYiqi LuoRosvel BrachoKonstantinos T. KonstantinidisJames R. ColeJames M. TiedjeYunfeng YangJizhong ZhouAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticleclimate warmingdiazotrophsgene sequencingsoil microbiologytundraMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 10, Iss 1 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	climate warming diazotrophs gene sequencing soil microbiology tundra Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	climate warming diazotrophs gene sequencing soil microbiology tundra Microbiology QR1-502 Jiajie Feng C. Ryan Penton Zhili He Joy D. Van Nostrand Mengting M. Yuan Liyou Wu Cong Wang Yujia Qin Zhou J. Shi Xue Guo Edward A. G. Schuur Yiqi Luo Rosvel Bracho Konstantinos T. Konstantinidis James R. Cole James M. Tiedje Yunfeng Yang Jizhong Zhou Long-Term Warming in Alaska Enlarges the Diazotrophic Community in Deep Soils
description	ABSTRACT Tundra ecosystems are typically carbon (C) rich but nitrogen (N) limited. Since biological N2 fixation is the major source of biologically available N, the soil N2-fixing (i.e., diazotrophic) community serves as an essential N supplier to the tundra ecosystem. Recent climate warming has induced deeper permafrost thaw and adversely affected C sequestration, which is modulated by N availability. Therefore, it is crucial to examine the responses of diazotrophic communities to warming across the depths of tundra soils. Herein, we carried out one of the deepest sequencing efforts of nitrogenase gene (nifH) to investigate how 5 years of experimental winter warming affects Alaskan soil diazotrophic community composition and abundance spanning both the organic and mineral layers. Although soil depth had a stronger influence on diazotrophic community composition than warming, warming significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced diazotrophic abundance by 86.3% and aboveground plant biomass by 25.2%. Diazotrophic composition in the middle and lower organic layers, detected by nifH sequencing and a microarray-based tool (GeoChip), was markedly altered, with an increase of α-diversity. Changes in diazotrophic abundance and composition significantly correlated with soil moisture, soil thaw duration, and plant biomass, as shown by structural equation modeling analyses. Therefore, more abundant diazotrophic communities induced by warming may potentially serve as an important mechanism for supplementing biologically available N in this tundra ecosystem. IMPORTANCE With the likelihood that changes in global climate will adversely affect the soil C reservoir in the northern circumpolar permafrost zone, an understanding of the potential role of diazotrophic communities in enhancing biological N2 fixation, which constrains both plant production and microbial decomposition in tundra soils, is important in elucidating the responses of soil microbial communities to global climate change. A recent study showed that the composition of the diazotrophic community in a tundra soil exhibited no change under a short-term (1.5-year) winter warming experiment. However, it remains crucial to examine whether the lack of diazotrophic community responses to warming is persistent over a longer time period as a possibly important mechanism in stabilizing tundra soil C. Through a detailed characterization of the effects of winter warming on diazotrophic communities, we showed that a long-term (5-year) winter warming substantially enhanced diazotrophic abundance and altered community composition, though soil depth had a stronger influence on diazotrophic community composition than warming. These changes were best explained by changes in soil moisture, soil thaw duration, and plant biomass. These results provide crucial insights into the potential factors that may impact future C and N availability in tundra regions.
format	article
author	Jiajie Feng C. Ryan Penton Zhili He Joy D. Van Nostrand Mengting M. Yuan Liyou Wu Cong Wang Yujia Qin Zhou J. Shi Xue Guo Edward A. G. Schuur Yiqi Luo Rosvel Bracho Konstantinos T. Konstantinidis James R. Cole James M. Tiedje Yunfeng Yang Jizhong Zhou
author_facet	Jiajie Feng C. Ryan Penton Zhili He Joy D. Van Nostrand Mengting M. Yuan Liyou Wu Cong Wang Yujia Qin Zhou J. Shi Xue Guo Edward A. G. Schuur Yiqi Luo Rosvel Bracho Konstantinos T. Konstantinidis James R. Cole James M. Tiedje Yunfeng Yang Jizhong Zhou
author_sort	Jiajie Feng
title	Long-Term Warming in Alaska Enlarges the Diazotrophic Community in Deep Soils
title_short	Long-Term Warming in Alaska Enlarges the Diazotrophic Community in Deep Soils
title_full	Long-Term Warming in Alaska Enlarges the Diazotrophic Community in Deep Soils
title_fullStr	Long-Term Warming in Alaska Enlarges the Diazotrophic Community in Deep Soils
title_full_unstemmed	Long-Term Warming in Alaska Enlarges the Diazotrophic Community in Deep Soils
title_sort	long-term warming in alaska enlarges the diazotrophic community in deep soils
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/927189d12c994c978e5f2991eaac66e0
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Long-Term Warming in Alaska Enlarges the Diazotrophic Community in Deep Soils

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