Sexually dimorphic body color is regulated by sex-specific expression of yellow gene in ponerine ant, Diacamma sp.

Most hymenopteran species exhibit conspicuous sexual dimorphism due to ecological differences between the sexes. As hymenopteran genomes, under the haplodiploid genetic system, exhibit quantitative differences between sexes while remaining qualitatively identical, sexual phenotypes are assumed to be...

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Autores principales:	Satoshi Miyazaki, Yasukazu Okada, Hitoshi Miyakawa, Gaku Tokuda, Richard Cornette, Shigeyuki Koshikawa, Kiyoto Maekawa, Toru Miura
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/927194f324b1406e8452d9e0be8720a2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:927194f324b1406e8452d9e0be8720a22021-11-18T08:26:12ZSexually dimorphic body color is regulated by sex-specific expression of yellow gene in ponerine ant, Diacamma sp.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0092875https://doaj.org/article/927194f324b1406e8452d9e0be8720a22014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24667821/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Most hymenopteran species exhibit conspicuous sexual dimorphism due to ecological differences between the sexes. As hymenopteran genomes, under the haplodiploid genetic system, exhibit quantitative differences between sexes while remaining qualitatively identical, sexual phenotypes are assumed to be expressed through sex-specific gene usage. In the present study, the molecular basis for expression of sexual dimorphism in a queenless ant, Diacamma sp., which exhibits a distinct color dimorphism, was examined. Worker females of the species appear bluish-black, while winged males exhibit a yellowish-brown body color. Initially, observations of the pigmentation processes during pupal development revealed that black pigmentation was present in female pupae but not in males, suggesting that sex-specific melanin synthesis was responsible for the observed color dimorphism. Therefore, five orthologs of the genes involved in the insect melanin synthesis (yellow, ebony, tan, pale and dopa decarboxylase) were subcloned and their spatiotemporal expression patterns were examined using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Of the genes examined, yellow, which plays a role in black melanin synthesis in insects, was expressed at higher levels in females than in males throughout the entire body during the pupal stage. RNA interference of yellow was then carried out in order to determine the gene function, and produced females with a more yellowish, brighter body color similar to that of males. It was concluded that transcriptional regulation of yellow was responsible for the sexual color dimorphism observed in this species.Satoshi MiyazakiYasukazu OkadaHitoshi MiyakawaGaku TokudaRichard CornetteShigeyuki KoshikawaKiyoto MaekawaToru MiuraPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 3, p e92875 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Satoshi Miyazaki Yasukazu Okada Hitoshi Miyakawa Gaku Tokuda Richard Cornette Shigeyuki Koshikawa Kiyoto Maekawa Toru Miura Sexually dimorphic body color is regulated by sex-specific expression of yellow gene in ponerine ant, Diacamma sp.
description	Most hymenopteran species exhibit conspicuous sexual dimorphism due to ecological differences between the sexes. As hymenopteran genomes, under the haplodiploid genetic system, exhibit quantitative differences between sexes while remaining qualitatively identical, sexual phenotypes are assumed to be expressed through sex-specific gene usage. In the present study, the molecular basis for expression of sexual dimorphism in a queenless ant, Diacamma sp., which exhibits a distinct color dimorphism, was examined. Worker females of the species appear bluish-black, while winged males exhibit a yellowish-brown body color. Initially, observations of the pigmentation processes during pupal development revealed that black pigmentation was present in female pupae but not in males, suggesting that sex-specific melanin synthesis was responsible for the observed color dimorphism. Therefore, five orthologs of the genes involved in the insect melanin synthesis (yellow, ebony, tan, pale and dopa decarboxylase) were subcloned and their spatiotemporal expression patterns were examined using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Of the genes examined, yellow, which plays a role in black melanin synthesis in insects, was expressed at higher levels in females than in males throughout the entire body during the pupal stage. RNA interference of yellow was then carried out in order to determine the gene function, and produced females with a more yellowish, brighter body color similar to that of males. It was concluded that transcriptional regulation of yellow was responsible for the sexual color dimorphism observed in this species.
format	article
author	Satoshi Miyazaki Yasukazu Okada Hitoshi Miyakawa Gaku Tokuda Richard Cornette Shigeyuki Koshikawa Kiyoto Maekawa Toru Miura
author_facet	Satoshi Miyazaki Yasukazu Okada Hitoshi Miyakawa Gaku Tokuda Richard Cornette Shigeyuki Koshikawa Kiyoto Maekawa Toru Miura
author_sort	Satoshi Miyazaki
title	Sexually dimorphic body color is regulated by sex-specific expression of yellow gene in ponerine ant, Diacamma sp.
title_short	Sexually dimorphic body color is regulated by sex-specific expression of yellow gene in ponerine ant, Diacamma sp.
title_full	Sexually dimorphic body color is regulated by sex-specific expression of yellow gene in ponerine ant, Diacamma sp.
title_fullStr	Sexually dimorphic body color is regulated by sex-specific expression of yellow gene in ponerine ant, Diacamma sp.
title_full_unstemmed	Sexually dimorphic body color is regulated by sex-specific expression of yellow gene in ponerine ant, Diacamma sp.
title_sort	sexually dimorphic body color is regulated by sex-specific expression of yellow gene in ponerine ant, diacamma sp.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/927194f324b1406e8452d9e0be8720a2
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Sexually dimorphic body color is regulated by sex-specific expression of yellow gene in ponerine ant, Diacamma sp.

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