Seismic velocity structure of Unzen Volcano, Japan, and relationship to the magma ascent route during eruptions in 1990–1995

Abstract Subsurface structures may control the migration of magma beneath a volcano. We used high-resolution seismic tomography to image a low- P-wave velocity (Vp) zone beneath Unzen Volcano, Japan, at depths of 3–16 km beneath sea level. The top of this low-Vp zone is located beneath Mt. Fugendake...

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Autores principales:	Kanta Miyano, Koki Aizawa, Takeshi Matsushima, Azusa Shito, Hiroshi Shimizu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/92a0fe0d621a4a5cb4efb33f5ac11d54
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:92a0fe0d621a4a5cb4efb33f5ac11d542021-11-21T12:20:08ZSeismic velocity structure of Unzen Volcano, Japan, and relationship to the magma ascent route during eruptions in 1990–199510.1038/s41598-021-00481-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/92a0fe0d621a4a5cb4efb33f5ac11d542021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00481-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Subsurface structures may control the migration of magma beneath a volcano. We used high-resolution seismic tomography to image a low- P-wave velocity (Vp) zone beneath Unzen Volcano, Japan, at depths of 3–16 km beneath sea level. The top of this low-Vp zone is located beneath Mt. Fugendake of Unzen volcano, which emitted 0.21 km3 of dacitic magma as lava domes and pyroclastic flows during eruptions in 1990–1995. Based on hypocenter migrations prior to the 1990–1995 eruptions and modeled pressure source locations for recorded crustal deformation, we conclude that the magma for the 1990–1995 eruptions migrated obliquely upward along the top of the low-Vp zone. As tectonic earthquakes occurred above the deeper part of the low-Vp zone, the deep low-Vp zone is interpreted to be a high-temperature region (> 400 °C) overlying the brittle–ductile transition. By further considering Vs and Vp/Vs structures, we suggest that the deeper part of the low-Vp zone constitutes a highly crystalized magma-mush reservoir, and the shallower part a volatile-rich zone.Kanta MiyanoKoki AizawaTakeshi MatsushimaAzusa ShitoHiroshi ShimizuNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kanta Miyano Koki Aizawa Takeshi Matsushima Azusa Shito Hiroshi Shimizu Seismic velocity structure of Unzen Volcano, Japan, and relationship to the magma ascent route during eruptions in 1990–1995
description	Abstract Subsurface structures may control the migration of magma beneath a volcano. We used high-resolution seismic tomography to image a low- P-wave velocity (Vp) zone beneath Unzen Volcano, Japan, at depths of 3–16 km beneath sea level. The top of this low-Vp zone is located beneath Mt. Fugendake of Unzen volcano, which emitted 0.21 km3 of dacitic magma as lava domes and pyroclastic flows during eruptions in 1990–1995. Based on hypocenter migrations prior to the 1990–1995 eruptions and modeled pressure source locations for recorded crustal deformation, we conclude that the magma for the 1990–1995 eruptions migrated obliquely upward along the top of the low-Vp zone. As tectonic earthquakes occurred above the deeper part of the low-Vp zone, the deep low-Vp zone is interpreted to be a high-temperature region (> 400 °C) overlying the brittle–ductile transition. By further considering Vs and Vp/Vs structures, we suggest that the deeper part of the low-Vp zone constitutes a highly crystalized magma-mush reservoir, and the shallower part a volatile-rich zone.
format	article
author	Kanta Miyano Koki Aizawa Takeshi Matsushima Azusa Shito Hiroshi Shimizu
author_facet	Kanta Miyano Koki Aizawa Takeshi Matsushima Azusa Shito Hiroshi Shimizu
author_sort	Kanta Miyano
title	Seismic velocity structure of Unzen Volcano, Japan, and relationship to the magma ascent route during eruptions in 1990–1995
title_short	Seismic velocity structure of Unzen Volcano, Japan, and relationship to the magma ascent route during eruptions in 1990–1995
title_full	Seismic velocity structure of Unzen Volcano, Japan, and relationship to the magma ascent route during eruptions in 1990–1995
title_fullStr	Seismic velocity structure of Unzen Volcano, Japan, and relationship to the magma ascent route during eruptions in 1990–1995
title_full_unstemmed	Seismic velocity structure of Unzen Volcano, Japan, and relationship to the magma ascent route during eruptions in 1990–1995
title_sort	seismic velocity structure of unzen volcano, japan, and relationship to the magma ascent route during eruptions in 1990–1995
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/92a0fe0d621a4a5cb4efb33f5ac11d54
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Seismic velocity structure of Unzen Volcano, Japan, and relationship to the magma ascent route during eruptions in 1990–1995

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