A new malaria agent in African hominids.

Plasmodium falciparum is the major human malaria agent responsible for 200 to 300 million infections and one to three million deaths annually, mainly among African infants. The origin and evolution of this pathogen within the human lineage is still unresolved. A single species, P. reichenowi, which...

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Autores principales:	Benjamin Ollomo, Patrick Durand, Franck Prugnolle, Emmanuel Douzery, Céline Arnathau, Dieudonné Nkoghe, Eric Leroy, François Renaud
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2009
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/92b875ab146a430cb56258574c0bc9cf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:92b875ab146a430cb56258574c0bc9cf2021-11-25T05:47:53ZA new malaria agent in African hominids.1553-73661553-737410.1371/journal.ppat.1000446https://doaj.org/article/92b875ab146a430cb56258574c0bc9cf2009-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/19478877/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374Plasmodium falciparum is the major human malaria agent responsible for 200 to 300 million infections and one to three million deaths annually, mainly among African infants. The origin and evolution of this pathogen within the human lineage is still unresolved. A single species, P. reichenowi, which infects chimpanzees, is known to be a close sister lineage of P. falciparum. Here we report the discovery of a new Plasmodium species infecting Hominids. This new species has been isolated in two chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) kept as pets by villagers in Gabon (Africa). Analysis of its complete mitochondrial genome (5529 nucleotides including Cyt b, Cox I and Cox III genes) reveals an older divergence of this lineage from the clade that includes P. falciparum and P. reichenowi (approximately 21+/-9 Myrs ago using Bayesian methods and considering that the divergence between P. falciparum and P. reichenowi occurred 4 to 7 million years ago as generally considered in the literature). This time frame would be congruent with the radiation of hominoids, suggesting that this Plasmodium lineage might have been present in early hominoids and that they may both have experienced a simultaneous diversification. Investigation of the nuclear genome of this new species will further the understanding of the genetic adaptations of P. falciparum to humans. The risk of transfer and emergence of this new species in humans must be now seriously considered given that it was found in two chimpanzees living in contact with humans and its close relatedness to the most virulent agent of malaria.Benjamin OllomoPatrick DurandFranck PrugnolleEmmanuel DouzeryCéline ArnathauDieudonné NkogheEric LeroyFrançois RenaudPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 5, Iss 5, p e1000446 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Benjamin Ollomo Patrick Durand Franck Prugnolle Emmanuel Douzery Céline Arnathau Dieudonné Nkoghe Eric Leroy François Renaud A new malaria agent in African hominids.
description	Plasmodium falciparum is the major human malaria agent responsible for 200 to 300 million infections and one to three million deaths annually, mainly among African infants. The origin and evolution of this pathogen within the human lineage is still unresolved. A single species, P. reichenowi, which infects chimpanzees, is known to be a close sister lineage of P. falciparum. Here we report the discovery of a new Plasmodium species infecting Hominids. This new species has been isolated in two chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) kept as pets by villagers in Gabon (Africa). Analysis of its complete mitochondrial genome (5529 nucleotides including Cyt b, Cox I and Cox III genes) reveals an older divergence of this lineage from the clade that includes P. falciparum and P. reichenowi (approximately 21+/-9 Myrs ago using Bayesian methods and considering that the divergence between P. falciparum and P. reichenowi occurred 4 to 7 million years ago as generally considered in the literature). This time frame would be congruent with the radiation of hominoids, suggesting that this Plasmodium lineage might have been present in early hominoids and that they may both have experienced a simultaneous diversification. Investigation of the nuclear genome of this new species will further the understanding of the genetic adaptations of P. falciparum to humans. The risk of transfer and emergence of this new species in humans must be now seriously considered given that it was found in two chimpanzees living in contact with humans and its close relatedness to the most virulent agent of malaria.
format	article
author	Benjamin Ollomo Patrick Durand Franck Prugnolle Emmanuel Douzery Céline Arnathau Dieudonné Nkoghe Eric Leroy François Renaud
author_facet	Benjamin Ollomo Patrick Durand Franck Prugnolle Emmanuel Douzery Céline Arnathau Dieudonné Nkoghe Eric Leroy François Renaud
author_sort	Benjamin Ollomo
title	A new malaria agent in African hominids.
title_short	A new malaria agent in African hominids.
title_full	A new malaria agent in African hominids.
title_fullStr	A new malaria agent in African hominids.
title_full_unstemmed	A new malaria agent in African hominids.
title_sort	new malaria agent in african hominids.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/92b875ab146a430cb56258574c0bc9cf
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A new malaria agent in African hominids.

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