Reduction in Blood Lead Concentration in Children across the Republic of Georgia following Interventions to Address Widespread Exceedance of Reference Value in 2019

Reduction in Blood Lead Concentration in Children across the Republic of Georgia following Interventions to Address Widespread Exceedance of Reference Value in 2019

In recent years, reports of lead contamination have dramatically increased in Georgia. Given concerns about the exposure of children to lead (Pb), the National Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS-2018) included a blood sampling component. The results showed that 41% of the children that particip...

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Autores principales: Ekaterine Ruadze, Giovanni S. Leonardi, Ayoub Saei, Irma Khonelidze, Lela Sturua, Vladimer Getia, Helen Crabbe, Tim Marczylo, Paolo Lauriola, Amiran Gamkrelidze
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: MDPI AG 2021
Materias:
lead (Pb)
Georgia
public health interventions
state program
written and verbal communication
multiple stakeholder response
Medicine
R
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/92c257c63c2b40c18baf9fd208b4f9a9
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:92c257c63c2b40c18baf9fd208b4f9a92021-11-25T17:49:20ZReduction in Blood Lead Concentration in Children across the Republic of Georgia following Interventions to Address Widespread Exceedance of Reference Value in 201910.3390/ijerph1822119031660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/92c257c63c2b40c18baf9fd208b4f9a92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/22/11903https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601In recent years, reports of lead contamination have dramatically increased in Georgia. Given concerns about the exposure of children to lead (Pb), the National Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS-2018) included a blood sampling component. The results showed that 41% of the children that participated had blood Pb levels (BLL) ≥ 5 µg/dL and that BLL in children living in Western Georgia were higher than those in Eastern regions. In response to these findings, NCDC implemented written and verbal advice to the families of children who participated in the MICS-2018 on how to reduce Pb exposure. From August 2019 onwards, the state program of clinical follow-up was implemented. The design of this study was a longitudinal study. The intervention of interest was the public health advice and medical follow-up, and the outcome was defined as the difference in BLL between the MICS-2018 survey and the state program follow-up. We observed a significant overall reduction in median BLL between MICS-2018 and state program follow-up in both August 2019 and the latest results (until December 2019). However, we did not observe any significant further reduction between August and the most recent BLL results. In the Georgian setting, written and verbal communication targeting individual households, alongside home visits to the most exposed, effectively reduced BLL in children.Ekaterine RuadzeGiovanni S. LeonardiAyoub SaeiIrma KhonelidzeLela SturuaVladimer GetiaHelen CrabbeTim MarczyloPaolo LauriolaAmiran GamkrelidzeMDPI AGarticlelead (Pb)Georgiapublic health interventionsstate programwritten and verbal communicationmultiple stakeholder responseMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11903, p 11903 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic lead (Pb)
Georgia
public health interventions
state program
written and verbal communication
multiple stakeholder response
Medicine
R
spellingShingle lead (Pb)
Georgia
public health interventions
state program
written and verbal communication
multiple stakeholder response
Medicine
R
Ekaterine Ruadze
Giovanni S. Leonardi
Ayoub Saei
Irma Khonelidze
Lela Sturua
Vladimer Getia
Helen Crabbe
Tim Marczylo
Paolo Lauriola
Amiran Gamkrelidze
Reduction in Blood Lead Concentration in Children across the Republic of Georgia following Interventions to Address Widespread Exceedance of Reference Value in 2019
description In recent years, reports of lead contamination have dramatically increased in Georgia. Given concerns about the exposure of children to lead (Pb), the National Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS-2018) included a blood sampling component. The results showed that 41% of the children that participated had blood Pb levels (BLL) ≥ 5 µg/dL and that BLL in children living in Western Georgia were higher than those in Eastern regions. In response to these findings, NCDC implemented written and verbal advice to the families of children who participated in the MICS-2018 on how to reduce Pb exposure. From August 2019 onwards, the state program of clinical follow-up was implemented. The design of this study was a longitudinal study. The intervention of interest was the public health advice and medical follow-up, and the outcome was defined as the difference in BLL between the MICS-2018 survey and the state program follow-up. We observed a significant overall reduction in median BLL between MICS-2018 and state program follow-up in both August 2019 and the latest results (until December 2019). However, we did not observe any significant further reduction between August and the most recent BLL results. In the Georgian setting, written and verbal communication targeting individual households, alongside home visits to the most exposed, effectively reduced BLL in children.
format article
author Ekaterine Ruadze
Giovanni S. Leonardi
Ayoub Saei
Irma Khonelidze
Lela Sturua
Vladimer Getia
Helen Crabbe
Tim Marczylo
Paolo Lauriola
Amiran Gamkrelidze
author_facet Ekaterine Ruadze
Giovanni S. Leonardi
Ayoub Saei
Irma Khonelidze
Lela Sturua
Vladimer Getia
Helen Crabbe
Tim Marczylo
Paolo Lauriola
Amiran Gamkrelidze
author_sort Ekaterine Ruadze
title Reduction in Blood Lead Concentration in Children across the Republic of Georgia following Interventions to Address Widespread Exceedance of Reference Value in 2019
title_short Reduction in Blood Lead Concentration in Children across the Republic of Georgia following Interventions to Address Widespread Exceedance of Reference Value in 2019
title_full Reduction in Blood Lead Concentration in Children across the Republic of Georgia following Interventions to Address Widespread Exceedance of Reference Value in 2019
title_fullStr Reduction in Blood Lead Concentration in Children across the Republic of Georgia following Interventions to Address Widespread Exceedance of Reference Value in 2019
title_full_unstemmed Reduction in Blood Lead Concentration in Children across the Republic of Georgia following Interventions to Address Widespread Exceedance of Reference Value in 2019
title_sort reduction in blood lead concentration in children across the republic of georgia following interventions to address widespread exceedance of reference value in 2019
publisher MDPI AG
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/92c257c63c2b40c18baf9fd208b4f9a9
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