Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Exacerbate the Cognitive Impairments in Patients With Late-Life Depression

Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and cognitive impairments are both common in patients with late-life depression (LLD). However, the relationship between NPS and cognitive functions in LLD patients remains unclear. The current study aims to explore the effects of NPS on cognitive impairme...

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Autores principales:	Min Zhang, Ben Chen, Xiaomei Zhong, Huarong Zhou, Qiang Wang, Naikeng Mai, Zhangying Wu, Xinru Chen, Qi Peng, Si Zhang, Minfeng Yang, Gaohong Lin, Yuping Ning
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	late life depression cognitive function neuropsychiatric symptoms mediating effect moderating effect Psychiatry RC435-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/92eb689d13ab4571a2364f711c5fb815
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:92eb689d13ab4571a2364f711c5fb8152021-11-19T04:44:26ZNeuropsychiatric Symptoms Exacerbate the Cognitive Impairments in Patients With Late-Life Depression1664-064010.3389/fpsyt.2021.757003https://doaj.org/article/92eb689d13ab4571a2364f711c5fb8152021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.757003/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-0640Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and cognitive impairments are both common in patients with late-life depression (LLD). However, the relationship between NPS and cognitive functions in LLD patients remains unclear. The current study aims to explore the effects of NPS on cognitive impairments in LLD patients.Methods: Two hundred and sixty-two LLD patients and 141 normal controls (NC) were recruited. Exploratory factor analysis was used to extract factors from the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Correlation, mediation, and moderation analyses were used to explore whether NPS exacerbated the cognitive impairments in LLD and whether NPS exhibited different effects on cognitive impairments in acute-state LLD (aLLD) and recovery-state LLD (rLLD).Results: Three main factors were extracted from the NPI, including emotional, behavioral, and psychotic factors. The patients with LLD exhibited worse cognition and higher NPI scores, and the scores of NPI-total and three extracted factors were negatively associated with cognitive scores. The mediation analyses exhibited that NPI-total and behavioral factor scores increase the difference in cognition scores between LLD and NC groups. The mediation analyses exhibited that behavioral factor score played a greater effect on impairing MMSE in the rLLD group than in the aLLD group. Additionally, behavioral factor score was in a trend to be negatively associated with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score changes at a one-year follow-up (p = 0.051).Conclusions: NPS, especially behavioral symptoms, exacerbate cognitive impairments in LLD and may contribute to residual cognitive impairment in rLLD patients. Early intervention for behavioral symptoms in LLD patients may be beneficial to their long-term clinical prognosis.Min ZhangBen ChenXiaomei ZhongHuarong ZhouQiang WangNaikeng MaiZhangying WuXinru ChenQi PengSi ZhangMinfeng YangGaohong LinYuping NingYuping NingYuping NingFrontiers Media S.A.articlelate life depressioncognitive functionneuropsychiatric symptomsmediating effectmoderating effectPsychiatryRC435-571ENFrontiers in Psychiatry, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	late life depression cognitive function neuropsychiatric symptoms mediating effect moderating effect Psychiatry RC435-571
spellingShingle	late life depression cognitive function neuropsychiatric symptoms mediating effect moderating effect Psychiatry RC435-571 Min Zhang Ben Chen Xiaomei Zhong Huarong Zhou Qiang Wang Naikeng Mai Zhangying Wu Xinru Chen Qi Peng Si Zhang Minfeng Yang Gaohong Lin Yuping Ning Yuping Ning Yuping Ning Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Exacerbate the Cognitive Impairments in Patients With Late-Life Depression
description	Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and cognitive impairments are both common in patients with late-life depression (LLD). However, the relationship between NPS and cognitive functions in LLD patients remains unclear. The current study aims to explore the effects of NPS on cognitive impairments in LLD patients.Methods: Two hundred and sixty-two LLD patients and 141 normal controls (NC) were recruited. Exploratory factor analysis was used to extract factors from the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Correlation, mediation, and moderation analyses were used to explore whether NPS exacerbated the cognitive impairments in LLD and whether NPS exhibited different effects on cognitive impairments in acute-state LLD (aLLD) and recovery-state LLD (rLLD).Results: Three main factors were extracted from the NPI, including emotional, behavioral, and psychotic factors. The patients with LLD exhibited worse cognition and higher NPI scores, and the scores of NPI-total and three extracted factors were negatively associated with cognitive scores. The mediation analyses exhibited that NPI-total and behavioral factor scores increase the difference in cognition scores between LLD and NC groups. The mediation analyses exhibited that behavioral factor score played a greater effect on impairing MMSE in the rLLD group than in the aLLD group. Additionally, behavioral factor score was in a trend to be negatively associated with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score changes at a one-year follow-up (p = 0.051).Conclusions: NPS, especially behavioral symptoms, exacerbate cognitive impairments in LLD and may contribute to residual cognitive impairment in rLLD patients. Early intervention for behavioral symptoms in LLD patients may be beneficial to their long-term clinical prognosis.
format	article
author	Min Zhang Ben Chen Xiaomei Zhong Huarong Zhou Qiang Wang Naikeng Mai Zhangying Wu Xinru Chen Qi Peng Si Zhang Minfeng Yang Gaohong Lin Yuping Ning Yuping Ning Yuping Ning
author_facet	Min Zhang Ben Chen Xiaomei Zhong Huarong Zhou Qiang Wang Naikeng Mai Zhangying Wu Xinru Chen Qi Peng Si Zhang Minfeng Yang Gaohong Lin Yuping Ning Yuping Ning Yuping Ning
author_sort	Min Zhang
title	Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Exacerbate the Cognitive Impairments in Patients With Late-Life Depression
title_short	Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Exacerbate the Cognitive Impairments in Patients With Late-Life Depression
title_full	Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Exacerbate the Cognitive Impairments in Patients With Late-Life Depression
title_fullStr	Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Exacerbate the Cognitive Impairments in Patients With Late-Life Depression
title_full_unstemmed	Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Exacerbate the Cognitive Impairments in Patients With Late-Life Depression
title_sort	neuropsychiatric symptoms exacerbate the cognitive impairments in patients with late-life depression
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/92eb689d13ab4571a2364f711c5fb815
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Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Exacerbate the Cognitive Impairments in Patients With Late-Life Depression

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