Preliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by Smartphone

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver is one of the many sensors embedded in smartphones. The early versions of the Android operating system could only access limited information from the GNSS, allowing the related Application Program Interface (API) to obtain only the location. Wit...

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Autores principales:	Lorenzo Benvenuto, Paolo Dabove, Ilaria Ferrando, Domenico Sguerso
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) smartphones GNSS positioning troposphere monitoring low-cost mass-market devices Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9328497583d747d990b3793eaf2c1c56
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:9328497583d747d990b3793eaf2c1c56
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9328497583d747d990b3793eaf2c1c562021-11-25T18:54:26ZPreliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by Smartphone10.3390/rs132245672072-4292https://doaj.org/article/9328497583d747d990b3793eaf2c1c562021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4567https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver is one of the many sensors embedded in smartphones. The early versions of the Android operating system could only access limited information from the GNSS, allowing the related Application Program Interface (API) to obtain only the location. With the development of the Android 7.0 (Nougat) operating system in May 2016, raw measurements from the internal GNSS sensor installed in the smartphone could be accessed. This work aims to show an initial analysis regarding the feasibility of Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) estimation by GNSS measurements extracted from smartphones, evaluating the accuracy of estimation to open a new window on troposphere local monitoring. Two different test sites have been considered, and two different types of software for data processing have been used. ZTDs have been estimated from both a dual-frequency and a multi-constellation receiver embedded in the smartphone, and from a GNSS Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS). The results have shown interesting performances in terms of ZTD estimation from the smartphone in respect of the estimations obtained with a geodetic receiver.Lorenzo BenvenutoPaolo DaboveIlaria FerrandoDomenico SguersoMDPI AGarticleZenith Total Delay (ZTD)smartphonesGNSS positioningtroposphere monitoringlow-cost mass-market devicesScienceQENRemote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4567, p 4567 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) smartphones GNSS positioning troposphere monitoring low-cost mass-market devices Science Q
spellingShingle	Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) smartphones GNSS positioning troposphere monitoring low-cost mass-market devices Science Q Lorenzo Benvenuto Paolo Dabove Ilaria Ferrando Domenico Sguerso Preliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by Smartphone
description	The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver is one of the many sensors embedded in smartphones. The early versions of the Android operating system could only access limited information from the GNSS, allowing the related Application Program Interface (API) to obtain only the location. With the development of the Android 7.0 (Nougat) operating system in May 2016, raw measurements from the internal GNSS sensor installed in the smartphone could be accessed. This work aims to show an initial analysis regarding the feasibility of Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) estimation by GNSS measurements extracted from smartphones, evaluating the accuracy of estimation to open a new window on troposphere local monitoring. Two different test sites have been considered, and two different types of software for data processing have been used. ZTDs have been estimated from both a dual-frequency and a multi-constellation receiver embedded in the smartphone, and from a GNSS Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS). The results have shown interesting performances in terms of ZTD estimation from the smartphone in respect of the estimations obtained with a geodetic receiver.
format	article
author	Lorenzo Benvenuto Paolo Dabove Ilaria Ferrando Domenico Sguerso
author_facet	Lorenzo Benvenuto Paolo Dabove Ilaria Ferrando Domenico Sguerso
author_sort	Lorenzo Benvenuto
title	Preliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by Smartphone
title_short	Preliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by Smartphone
title_full	Preliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by Smartphone
title_fullStr	Preliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by Smartphone
title_full_unstemmed	Preliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by Smartphone
title_sort	preliminary results on tropospheric ztd estimation by smartphone
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9328497583d747d990b3793eaf2c1c56
work_keys_str_mv	AT lorenzobenvenuto preliminaryresultsontroposphericztdestimationbysmartphone AT paolodabove preliminaryresultsontroposphericztdestimationbysmartphone AT ilariaferrando preliminaryresultsontroposphericztdestimationbysmartphone AT domenicosguerso preliminaryresultsontroposphericztdestimationbysmartphone
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Preliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by Smartphone

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