Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Parent vs. Hybrid Canola under Varying Nitrogen Availabilities

Improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is essential for sustainable agriculture, especially in high-N-demanding crops such as canola (<i>Brassica napus</i>). While advancements in above-ground agronomic practices have improved NUE, research on soil and below-ground processes are limited...

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Autores principales:	Shanay T. Williams, Sally Vail, Melissa M. Arcand
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	canola nitrogen use efficiency N availability N mineralization potential ammonium oxidation rates fertilizer rates Botany QK1-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/933444d4f98a4165ace871ab327efed2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:933444d4f98a4165ace871ab327efed22021-11-25T18:45:48ZNitrogen Use Efficiency in Parent vs. Hybrid Canola under Varying Nitrogen Availabilities10.3390/plants101123642223-7747https://doaj.org/article/933444d4f98a4165ace871ab327efed22021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2364https://doaj.org/toc/2223-7747Improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is essential for sustainable agriculture, especially in high-N-demanding crops such as canola (<i>Brassica napus</i>). While advancements in above-ground agronomic practices have improved NUE, research on soil and below-ground processes are limited. Plant NUE—and its components, N uptake efficiency (NUpE), and N utilization efficiency (NUtE)—can be further improved by exploring crop variety and soil N cycling. Canola parental genotypes (NAM-0 and NAM-17) and hybrids (H151857 and H151816) were grown on a dark brown chernozem in Saskatchewan, Canada. Soil and plant samples were collected at the 5–6 leaf stage and flowering, and seeds were collected at harvest maturity. Soil N cycling varied with phenotypic stage, with higher potential ammonium oxidation rates at the 5–6 leaf stage and higher urease activity at flowering. Seed N uptake was higher under higher urea-N rates, while the converse was true for NUE metrics. Hybrids had higher yield, seed N uptake, NUtE, and NUE, with higher NUE potentially owing to higher NUtE at flowering, which led to higher yield and seed N allocation. Soil N cycling and soil N concentrations correlated for improved canola NUE, revealing below-ground breeding targets. Future studies should consider multiple root characteristics, including rhizosphere microbial N cycling, root exudates, and root system architecture, to determine the below-ground dynamics of plant NUE.Shanay T. WilliamsSally VailMelissa M. ArcandMDPI AGarticlecanolanitrogen use efficiencyN availabilityN mineralizationpotential ammonium oxidation ratesfertilizer ratesBotanyQK1-989ENPlants, Vol 10, Iss 2364, p 2364 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	canola nitrogen use efficiency N availability N mineralization potential ammonium oxidation rates fertilizer rates Botany QK1-989
spellingShingle	canola nitrogen use efficiency N availability N mineralization potential ammonium oxidation rates fertilizer rates Botany QK1-989 Shanay T. Williams Sally Vail Melissa M. Arcand Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Parent vs. Hybrid Canola under Varying Nitrogen Availabilities
description	Improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is essential for sustainable agriculture, especially in high-N-demanding crops such as canola (<i>Brassica napus</i>). While advancements in above-ground agronomic practices have improved NUE, research on soil and below-ground processes are limited. Plant NUE—and its components, N uptake efficiency (NUpE), and N utilization efficiency (NUtE)—can be further improved by exploring crop variety and soil N cycling. Canola parental genotypes (NAM-0 and NAM-17) and hybrids (H151857 and H151816) were grown on a dark brown chernozem in Saskatchewan, Canada. Soil and plant samples were collected at the 5–6 leaf stage and flowering, and seeds were collected at harvest maturity. Soil N cycling varied with phenotypic stage, with higher potential ammonium oxidation rates at the 5–6 leaf stage and higher urease activity at flowering. Seed N uptake was higher under higher urea-N rates, while the converse was true for NUE metrics. Hybrids had higher yield, seed N uptake, NUtE, and NUE, with higher NUE potentially owing to higher NUtE at flowering, which led to higher yield and seed N allocation. Soil N cycling and soil N concentrations correlated for improved canola NUE, revealing below-ground breeding targets. Future studies should consider multiple root characteristics, including rhizosphere microbial N cycling, root exudates, and root system architecture, to determine the below-ground dynamics of plant NUE.
format	article
author	Shanay T. Williams Sally Vail Melissa M. Arcand
author_facet	Shanay T. Williams Sally Vail Melissa M. Arcand
author_sort	Shanay T. Williams
title	Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Parent vs. Hybrid Canola under Varying Nitrogen Availabilities
title_short	Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Parent vs. Hybrid Canola under Varying Nitrogen Availabilities
title_full	Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Parent vs. Hybrid Canola under Varying Nitrogen Availabilities
title_fullStr	Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Parent vs. Hybrid Canola under Varying Nitrogen Availabilities
title_full_unstemmed	Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Parent vs. Hybrid Canola under Varying Nitrogen Availabilities
title_sort	nitrogen use efficiency in parent vs. hybrid canola under varying nitrogen availabilities
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/933444d4f98a4165ace871ab327efed2
work_keys_str_mv	AT shanaytwilliams nitrogenuseefficiencyinparentvshybridcanolaundervaryingnitrogenavailabilities AT sallyvail nitrogenuseefficiencyinparentvshybridcanolaundervaryingnitrogenavailabilities AT melissamarcand nitrogenuseefficiencyinparentvshybridcanolaundervaryingnitrogenavailabilities
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Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Parent vs. Hybrid Canola under Varying Nitrogen Availabilities

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