Ca’ Granda, <i>Hortus simplicium</i>: Restoring an Ancient Medicinal Garden of XV–XIX Century in Milan (Italy)

This work is based on the study of 150 majolica vases dated back to the mid XVII century that once preserved medicinal remedies prepared in the ancient Pharmacy annexed to the Ospedale Maggiore Ca’ Granda in Milan (Lombardy, Italy). The <i>Hortus simplicium</i> was created in 1641 as a s...

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Autores principales:	Martina Bottoni, Fabrizia Milani, Paolo M. Galimberti, Lucia Vignati, Patrizia Luise Romanini, Luca Lavezzo, Livia Martinetti, Claudia Giuliani, Gelsomina Fico
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Hortus simplicium</i> ethnobotany ethnopharmacology medicinal plants botanic garden restoration Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/933da75f91fb4feda1e257a593ee4c3c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:933da75f91fb4feda1e257a593ee4c3c2021-11-25T18:28:32ZCa’ Granda, <i>Hortus simplicium</i>: Restoring an Ancient Medicinal Garden of XV–XIX Century in Milan (Italy)10.3390/molecules262269331420-3049https://doaj.org/article/933da75f91fb4feda1e257a593ee4c3c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/22/6933https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049This work is based on the study of 150 majolica vases dated back to the mid XVII century that once preserved medicinal remedies prepared in the ancient Pharmacy annexed to the Ospedale Maggiore Ca’ Granda in Milan (Lombardy, Italy). The <i>Hortus simplicium</i> was created in 1641 as a source of plant-based ingredients for those remedies. The main objective of the present work is to lay the knowledge base for the restoration of the ancient Garden for educational and informative purposes. Therefore, the following complementary phases were carried out: <i>(i)</i> the analysis of the inscriptions on the jars, along with the survey on historical medical texts, allowing for the positive identification of the plant ingredients of the remedies and their ancient use as medicines; <i>(ii)</i> the bibliographic research in modern pharmacological literature in order to validate or refute the historical uses; <i>(iii)</i> the realization of the checklist of plants potentially present in cultivation at the ancient Garden, concurrently with the comparison with the results of a previous in situ archaeobotanical study concerning pollen grains. For the species selection, considerations were made also regarding drug amounts in the remedies and pedoclimatic conditions of the study area. Out of the 150 vases, 108 contained plant-based remedies, corresponding to 148 <i>taxa</i>. The remedies mainly treated gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders. At least one of the medicinal uses was validated in scientific literature for 112 out of the 148 examined species. Finally, a checklist of 40 <i>taxa</i>, presumably hosted in the <i>Hortus simplicium</i>, was assembled.Martina BottoniFabrizia MilaniPaolo M. GalimbertiLucia VignatiPatrizia Luise RomaniniLuca LavezzoLivia MartinettiClaudia GiulianiGelsomina FicoMDPI AGarticle<i>Hortus simplicium</i>ethnobotanyethnopharmacologymedicinal plantsbotanic gardenrestorationOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENMolecules, Vol 26, Iss 6933, p 6933 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Hortus simplicium</i> ethnobotany ethnopharmacology medicinal plants botanic garden restoration Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	<i>Hortus simplicium</i> ethnobotany ethnopharmacology medicinal plants botanic garden restoration Organic chemistry QD241-441 Martina Bottoni Fabrizia Milani Paolo M. Galimberti Lucia Vignati Patrizia Luise Romanini Luca Lavezzo Livia Martinetti Claudia Giuliani Gelsomina Fico Ca’ Granda, <i>Hortus simplicium</i>: Restoring an Ancient Medicinal Garden of XV–XIX Century in Milan (Italy)
description	This work is based on the study of 150 majolica vases dated back to the mid XVII century that once preserved medicinal remedies prepared in the ancient Pharmacy annexed to the Ospedale Maggiore Ca’ Granda in Milan (Lombardy, Italy). The <i>Hortus simplicium</i> was created in 1641 as a source of plant-based ingredients for those remedies. The main objective of the present work is to lay the knowledge base for the restoration of the ancient Garden for educational and informative purposes. Therefore, the following complementary phases were carried out: <i>(i)</i> the analysis of the inscriptions on the jars, along with the survey on historical medical texts, allowing for the positive identification of the plant ingredients of the remedies and their ancient use as medicines; <i>(ii)</i> the bibliographic research in modern pharmacological literature in order to validate or refute the historical uses; <i>(iii)</i> the realization of the checklist of plants potentially present in cultivation at the ancient Garden, concurrently with the comparison with the results of a previous in situ archaeobotanical study concerning pollen grains. For the species selection, considerations were made also regarding drug amounts in the remedies and pedoclimatic conditions of the study area. Out of the 150 vases, 108 contained plant-based remedies, corresponding to 148 <i>taxa</i>. The remedies mainly treated gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders. At least one of the medicinal uses was validated in scientific literature for 112 out of the 148 examined species. Finally, a checklist of 40 <i>taxa</i>, presumably hosted in the <i>Hortus simplicium</i>, was assembled.
format	article
author	Martina Bottoni Fabrizia Milani Paolo M. Galimberti Lucia Vignati Patrizia Luise Romanini Luca Lavezzo Livia Martinetti Claudia Giuliani Gelsomina Fico
author_facet	Martina Bottoni Fabrizia Milani Paolo M. Galimberti Lucia Vignati Patrizia Luise Romanini Luca Lavezzo Livia Martinetti Claudia Giuliani Gelsomina Fico
author_sort	Martina Bottoni
title	Ca’ Granda, <i>Hortus simplicium</i>: Restoring an Ancient Medicinal Garden of XV–XIX Century in Milan (Italy)
title_short	Ca’ Granda, <i>Hortus simplicium</i>: Restoring an Ancient Medicinal Garden of XV–XIX Century in Milan (Italy)
title_full	Ca’ Granda, <i>Hortus simplicium</i>: Restoring an Ancient Medicinal Garden of XV–XIX Century in Milan (Italy)
title_fullStr	Ca’ Granda, <i>Hortus simplicium</i>: Restoring an Ancient Medicinal Garden of XV–XIX Century in Milan (Italy)
title_full_unstemmed	Ca’ Granda, <i>Hortus simplicium</i>: Restoring an Ancient Medicinal Garden of XV–XIX Century in Milan (Italy)
title_sort	ca’ granda, <i>hortus simplicium</i>: restoring an ancient medicinal garden of xv–xix century in milan (italy)
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/933da75f91fb4feda1e257a593ee4c3c
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Ca’ Granda, <i>Hortus simplicium</i>: Restoring an Ancient Medicinal Garden of XV–XIX Century in Milan (Italy)

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