Comprehensive evaluation of soil quality in a desert steppe influenced by industrial activities in northern China

Abstract Desert steppe soil security issues have been the focus of attention. Therefore, to understand the impact of industrial activities on the soil quality of desert grasslands, this experiment investigated the Gaoshawo Industrial Concentration Zone in Yanchi County. Based on the distance and dir...

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Autores principales:	Zhe Xu, Wenbao Mi, Nan Mi, Xingang Fan, Yao Zhou, Ying Tian
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/93570f0b0b224c768e52396076a3b905
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:93570f0b0b224c768e52396076a3b9052021-12-02T15:28:57ZComprehensive evaluation of soil quality in a desert steppe influenced by industrial activities in northern China10.1038/s41598-021-96948-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/93570f0b0b224c768e52396076a3b9052021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96948-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Desert steppe soil security issues have been the focus of attention. Therefore, to understand the impact of industrial activities on the soil quality of desert grasslands, this experiment investigated the Gaoshawo Industrial Concentration Zone in Yanchi County. Based on the distance and direction from the industrial park, sample plots were established at intervals of 1–2 km. A total of 82 surface soil samples (0–20 cm) representing different pollution sources were collected. The samples were analysed for pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter, copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn). The desert steppe soil quality was analysed based on the integrated fertility index (IFI) and the Nemerow pollution index (PN), followed by the calculation of the comprehensive soil quality index (SQI), which considers the most suitable soil quality indicators through a geostatistical model. The results showed that the IFI was 0.393, indicating that the soil fertility was relatively poor. Excluding the available potassium, the nugget coefficients of the fertility indicators were less than 25% and showed strong spatial autocorrelation. The average values of Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn were 21.64 ± 3.26, 0.18 ± 0.02, 44.99 ± 21.23, 87.18 ± 25.84, and 86.63 ± 24.98 mg·kg−1, respectively; the nugget coefficients of Cr, Pb and Zn were 30.79–47.35%. Pb was the main element causing heavy metal pollution in the study area. Higher PN values were concentrated north of the highway in the study area, resulting in lower soil quality in the northern region and a trend of decreasing soil quality from south to north. The results of this research showed that the average SQI was 0.351 and the soil quality was extremely low. Thus, industrial activities and transportation activities in the Gaoshawo Industrial Zone significantly impact the desert steppe soil quality index.Zhe XuWenbao MiNan MiXingang FanYao ZhouYing TianNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Zhe Xu Wenbao Mi Nan Mi Xingang Fan Yao Zhou Ying Tian Comprehensive evaluation of soil quality in a desert steppe influenced by industrial activities in northern China
description	Abstract Desert steppe soil security issues have been the focus of attention. Therefore, to understand the impact of industrial activities on the soil quality of desert grasslands, this experiment investigated the Gaoshawo Industrial Concentration Zone in Yanchi County. Based on the distance and direction from the industrial park, sample plots were established at intervals of 1–2 km. A total of 82 surface soil samples (0–20 cm) representing different pollution sources were collected. The samples were analysed for pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter, copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn). The desert steppe soil quality was analysed based on the integrated fertility index (IFI) and the Nemerow pollution index (PN), followed by the calculation of the comprehensive soil quality index (SQI), which considers the most suitable soil quality indicators through a geostatistical model. The results showed that the IFI was 0.393, indicating that the soil fertility was relatively poor. Excluding the available potassium, the nugget coefficients of the fertility indicators were less than 25% and showed strong spatial autocorrelation. The average values of Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn were 21.64 ± 3.26, 0.18 ± 0.02, 44.99 ± 21.23, 87.18 ± 25.84, and 86.63 ± 24.98 mg·kg−1, respectively; the nugget coefficients of Cr, Pb and Zn were 30.79–47.35%. Pb was the main element causing heavy metal pollution in the study area. Higher PN values were concentrated north of the highway in the study area, resulting in lower soil quality in the northern region and a trend of decreasing soil quality from south to north. The results of this research showed that the average SQI was 0.351 and the soil quality was extremely low. Thus, industrial activities and transportation activities in the Gaoshawo Industrial Zone significantly impact the desert steppe soil quality index.
format	article
author	Zhe Xu Wenbao Mi Nan Mi Xingang Fan Yao Zhou Ying Tian
author_facet	Zhe Xu Wenbao Mi Nan Mi Xingang Fan Yao Zhou Ying Tian
author_sort	Zhe Xu
title	Comprehensive evaluation of soil quality in a desert steppe influenced by industrial activities in northern China
title_short	Comprehensive evaluation of soil quality in a desert steppe influenced by industrial activities in northern China
title_full	Comprehensive evaluation of soil quality in a desert steppe influenced by industrial activities in northern China
title_fullStr	Comprehensive evaluation of soil quality in a desert steppe influenced by industrial activities in northern China
title_full_unstemmed	Comprehensive evaluation of soil quality in a desert steppe influenced by industrial activities in northern China
title_sort	comprehensive evaluation of soil quality in a desert steppe influenced by industrial activities in northern china
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/93570f0b0b224c768e52396076a3b905
work_keys_str_mv	AT zhexu comprehensiveevaluationofsoilqualityinadesertsteppeinfluencedbyindustrialactivitiesinnorthernchina AT wenbaomi comprehensiveevaluationofsoilqualityinadesertsteppeinfluencedbyindustrialactivitiesinnorthernchina AT nanmi comprehensiveevaluationofsoilqualityinadesertsteppeinfluencedbyindustrialactivitiesinnorthernchina AT xingangfan comprehensiveevaluationofsoilqualityinadesertsteppeinfluencedbyindustrialactivitiesinnorthernchina AT yaozhou comprehensiveevaluationofsoilqualityinadesertsteppeinfluencedbyindustrialactivitiesinnorthernchina AT yingtian comprehensiveevaluationofsoilqualityinadesertsteppeinfluencedbyindustrialactivitiesinnorthernchina
_version_	1718387217950310400

Comprehensive evaluation of soil quality in a desert steppe influenced by industrial activities in northern China

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