Nanoparticulate Quillaja saponin induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell lines with a high therapeutic index

Kefei Hu1, Saideh Berenjian1, Rolf Larsson2, Joachim Gullbo2, Peter Nygren3, Tanja L&ouml;vgren4, Bror Morein11Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Virology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; 2Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden; 3Department...

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Autores principales:	Kefei Hu, Saideh Berenjian, Rolf Larsson, et al
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2010
Materias:	Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/935deb96e1b247a1bea967b48d54a6b0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:935deb96e1b247a1bea967b48d54a6b02021-12-02T08:06:25ZNanoparticulate Quillaja saponin induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell lines with a high therapeutic index1176-91141178-2013https://doaj.org/article/935deb96e1b247a1bea967b48d54a6b02010-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/nanoparticulate-quillaja-saponin-induces-apoptosis-in-human-leukemia-c-a3887https://doaj.org/toc/1176-9114https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Kefei Hu1, Saideh Berenjian1, Rolf Larsson2, Joachim Gullbo2, Peter Nygren3, Tanja L&ouml;vgren4, Bror Morein11Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Virology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; 2Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden; 3Department of Oncology, Radiology and Clinical Immunology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden; 4Department of Molecular Bioscience, Section for Veterinary Immunology and Virology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, SwedenAbstract: Saponin fractions of Quillaja saponaria Molina (QS) have cytotoxic activity against cancer cells in vitro, but are too toxic to be useful in the clinic. The toxic effect was abolished by converting QS fractions into stable nanoparticles through the binding of QS to cholesterol. Two fractions of QS were selected for particle formation, one with an acyl-chain (ASAP) was used to form killing and growth-inhibiting (KGI) particles, and the other without the acyl-chain (DSAP) was used to formulate blocking and balancing effect (BBE) particles. KGI showed significant growth inhibiting and cancer cell-killing activities in nine of 10 cell lines while BBE showed that on one cell line. The monoblastoid lymphoma cell line U937 was selected for analyzing the mode of action. Low concentrations of KGI (0.5 and 2 &micro;g/mL) induced irreversible exit from the cell cycle, differentiation measured by cytokine production, and eventually programmed cell death (apoptosis). Compared to normal human monocytes, the U937 cells were 30-fold more sensitive to KGI. The nontoxic BBE blocked the cell killing effect of KGI in a concentrationdependent manner. In conclusion, the formulation of QS into nanoparticles has the potential of becoming a new class of anticancer agents.Keywords: anticancer drug, Quillaja saponin, nanoparticle, apoptosis Kefei HuSaideh BerenjianRolf Larssonet alDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2010, Iss default, Pp 51-62 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Medicine (General) R5-920 Kefei Hu Saideh Berenjian Rolf Larsson et al Nanoparticulate Quillaja saponin induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell lines with a high therapeutic index
description	Kefei Hu1, Saideh Berenjian1, Rolf Larsson2, Joachim Gullbo2, Peter Nygren3, Tanja L&ouml;vgren4, Bror Morein11Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Virology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; 2Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden; 3Department of Oncology, Radiology and Clinical Immunology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden; 4Department of Molecular Bioscience, Section for Veterinary Immunology and Virology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, SwedenAbstract: Saponin fractions of Quillaja saponaria Molina (QS) have cytotoxic activity against cancer cells in vitro, but are too toxic to be useful in the clinic. The toxic effect was abolished by converting QS fractions into stable nanoparticles through the binding of QS to cholesterol. Two fractions of QS were selected for particle formation, one with an acyl-chain (ASAP) was used to form killing and growth-inhibiting (KGI) particles, and the other without the acyl-chain (DSAP) was used to formulate blocking and balancing effect (BBE) particles. KGI showed significant growth inhibiting and cancer cell-killing activities in nine of 10 cell lines while BBE showed that on one cell line. The monoblastoid lymphoma cell line U937 was selected for analyzing the mode of action. Low concentrations of KGI (0.5 and 2 &micro;g/mL) induced irreversible exit from the cell cycle, differentiation measured by cytokine production, and eventually programmed cell death (apoptosis). Compared to normal human monocytes, the U937 cells were 30-fold more sensitive to KGI. The nontoxic BBE blocked the cell killing effect of KGI in a concentrationdependent manner. In conclusion, the formulation of QS into nanoparticles has the potential of becoming a new class of anticancer agents.Keywords: anticancer drug, Quillaja saponin, nanoparticle, apoptosis
format	article
author	Kefei Hu Saideh Berenjian Rolf Larsson et al
author_facet	Kefei Hu Saideh Berenjian Rolf Larsson et al
author_sort	Kefei Hu
title	Nanoparticulate Quillaja saponin induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell lines with a high therapeutic index
title_short	Nanoparticulate Quillaja saponin induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell lines with a high therapeutic index
title_full	Nanoparticulate Quillaja saponin induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell lines with a high therapeutic index
title_fullStr	Nanoparticulate Quillaja saponin induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell lines with a high therapeutic index
title_full_unstemmed	Nanoparticulate Quillaja saponin induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell lines with a high therapeutic index
title_sort	nanoparticulate quillaja saponin induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell lines with a high therapeutic index
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/935deb96e1b247a1bea967b48d54a6b0
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Nanoparticulate Quillaja saponin induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell lines with a high therapeutic index

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