Industrialization as a source of heavy metals and antibiotics which can enhance the antibiotic resistance in wastewater, sewage sludge and river water.

The spread of antibiotic resistance is closely related with selective pressure in the environment. Wastewater from industrialized regions is characterized by higher concentrations of these pollutants than sewage from less industrialized areas. The aim of this study was to compare the concentrations...

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Autores principales:	Jakub Hubeny, Monika Harnisz, Ewa Korzeniewska, Martyna Buta, Wiktor Zieliński, Damian Rolbiecki, Joanna Giebułtowicz, Grzegorz Nałęcz-Jawecki, Grażyna Płaza
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/938e318aff9e4ac2aab98f1ee8a8d8af
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:938e318aff9e4ac2aab98f1ee8a8d8af2021-12-02T20:11:01ZIndustrialization as a source of heavy metals and antibiotics which can enhance the antibiotic resistance in wastewater, sewage sludge and river water.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0252691https://doaj.org/article/938e318aff9e4ac2aab98f1ee8a8d8af2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252691https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The spread of antibiotic resistance is closely related with selective pressure in the environment. Wastewater from industrialized regions is characterized by higher concentrations of these pollutants than sewage from less industrialized areas. The aim of this study was to compare the concentrations of contaminants such as antibiotics and heavy metals (HMs), and to evaluate their impact on the spread of genes encoding resistance to antimicrobial drugs in samples of wastewater, sewage sludge and river water in two regions with different levels of industrialization. The factors exerting selective pressure, which significantly contributed to the occurrence of the examined antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), were identified. The concentrations of selected gene copy numbers conferring resistance to four groups of antibiotics as well as class 1 and 2 integron-integrase genes were determined in the analyzed samples. The concentrations of six HMs and antibiotics corresponding to genes mediated resistance from 3 classes were determined. Based on network analysis, only some of the analyzed antibiotics correlated with ARGs, while HM levels were correlated with ARG concentrations, which can confirm the important role of HMs in promoting drug resistance. The samples from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) located an industrialized region were characterized by higher HM contamination and a higher number of significant correlations between the analyzed variables than the samples collected from a WWTP located in a less industrialized region. These results indicated that treated wastewater released into the natural environment can pose a continuous threat to human health by transferring ARGs, antibiotics and HMs to the environment. These findings shed light on the impact of industrialization on antibiotic resistance dissemination.Jakub HubenyMonika HarniszEwa KorzeniewskaMartyna ButaWiktor ZielińskiDamian RolbieckiJoanna GiebułtowiczGrzegorz Nałęcz-JaweckiGrażyna PłazaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 6, p e0252691 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jakub Hubeny Monika Harnisz Ewa Korzeniewska Martyna Buta Wiktor Zieliński Damian Rolbiecki Joanna Giebułtowicz Grzegorz Nałęcz-Jawecki Grażyna Płaza Industrialization as a source of heavy metals and antibiotics which can enhance the antibiotic resistance in wastewater, sewage sludge and river water.
description	The spread of antibiotic resistance is closely related with selective pressure in the environment. Wastewater from industrialized regions is characterized by higher concentrations of these pollutants than sewage from less industrialized areas. The aim of this study was to compare the concentrations of contaminants such as antibiotics and heavy metals (HMs), and to evaluate their impact on the spread of genes encoding resistance to antimicrobial drugs in samples of wastewater, sewage sludge and river water in two regions with different levels of industrialization. The factors exerting selective pressure, which significantly contributed to the occurrence of the examined antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), were identified. The concentrations of selected gene copy numbers conferring resistance to four groups of antibiotics as well as class 1 and 2 integron-integrase genes were determined in the analyzed samples. The concentrations of six HMs and antibiotics corresponding to genes mediated resistance from 3 classes were determined. Based on network analysis, only some of the analyzed antibiotics correlated with ARGs, while HM levels were correlated with ARG concentrations, which can confirm the important role of HMs in promoting drug resistance. The samples from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) located an industrialized region were characterized by higher HM contamination and a higher number of significant correlations between the analyzed variables than the samples collected from a WWTP located in a less industrialized region. These results indicated that treated wastewater released into the natural environment can pose a continuous threat to human health by transferring ARGs, antibiotics and HMs to the environment. These findings shed light on the impact of industrialization on antibiotic resistance dissemination.
format	article
author	Jakub Hubeny Monika Harnisz Ewa Korzeniewska Martyna Buta Wiktor Zieliński Damian Rolbiecki Joanna Giebułtowicz Grzegorz Nałęcz-Jawecki Grażyna Płaza
author_facet	Jakub Hubeny Monika Harnisz Ewa Korzeniewska Martyna Buta Wiktor Zieliński Damian Rolbiecki Joanna Giebułtowicz Grzegorz Nałęcz-Jawecki Grażyna Płaza
author_sort	Jakub Hubeny
title	Industrialization as a source of heavy metals and antibiotics which can enhance the antibiotic resistance in wastewater, sewage sludge and river water.
title_short	Industrialization as a source of heavy metals and antibiotics which can enhance the antibiotic resistance in wastewater, sewage sludge and river water.
title_full	Industrialization as a source of heavy metals and antibiotics which can enhance the antibiotic resistance in wastewater, sewage sludge and river water.
title_fullStr	Industrialization as a source of heavy metals and antibiotics which can enhance the antibiotic resistance in wastewater, sewage sludge and river water.
title_full_unstemmed	Industrialization as a source of heavy metals and antibiotics which can enhance the antibiotic resistance in wastewater, sewage sludge and river water.
title_sort	industrialization as a source of heavy metals and antibiotics which can enhance the antibiotic resistance in wastewater, sewage sludge and river water.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/938e318aff9e4ac2aab98f1ee8a8d8af
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Industrialization as a source of heavy metals and antibiotics which can enhance the antibiotic resistance in wastewater, sewage sludge and river water.

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