A new troodontid theropod dinosaur from the lower Cretaceous of Utah.

<h4>Background</h4>The theropod dinosaur family Troodontidae is known from the Upper Jurassic, Lower Cretaceous, and Upper Cretaceous of Asia and from the Upper Jurassic and Upper Cretaceous of North America. Before now no undisputed troodontids from North America have been reported from...

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Autores principales:	Phil Senter, James I Kirkland, John Bird, Jeff A Bartlett
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/93950adb974f4486b27df70f473d2c63
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:93950adb974f4486b27df70f473d2c632021-11-18T07:01:41ZA new troodontid theropod dinosaur from the lower Cretaceous of Utah.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0014329https://doaj.org/article/93950adb974f4486b27df70f473d2c632010-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21179513/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>The theropod dinosaur family Troodontidae is known from the Upper Jurassic, Lower Cretaceous, and Upper Cretaceous of Asia and from the Upper Jurassic and Upper Cretaceous of North America. Before now no undisputed troodontids from North America have been reported from the Early Cretaceous.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Herein we describe a theropod maxilla from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah and perform a phylogenetic analysis to determine its phylogenetic position. The specimen is distinctive enough to assign to a new genus and species, Geminiraptor suarezarum. Phylogenetic analysis places G. suarezarum within Troodontidae in an unresolved polytomy with Mei, Byronosaurus, Sinornithoides, Sinusonasus, and Troodon+(Saurornithoides+Zanabazar). Geminiraptor suarezarum uniquely exhibits extreme pneumatic inflation of the maxilla internal to the antorbital fossa such that the anterior maxilla has a triangular cross-section. Unlike troodontids more closely related to Troodon, G. suarezarum exhibits bony septa between the dental alveoli and a promaxillary foramen that is visible in lateral view.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>This is the first report of a North American troodontid from the Lower Cretaceous. It therefore contributes to a fuller understanding of troodontid biogeography through time. It also adds to the known dinosaurian fauna of the Cedar Mountain Formation.Phil SenterJames I KirklandJohn BirdJeff A BartlettPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 12, p e14329 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Phil Senter James I Kirkland John Bird Jeff A Bartlett A new troodontid theropod dinosaur from the lower Cretaceous of Utah.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The theropod dinosaur family Troodontidae is known from the Upper Jurassic, Lower Cretaceous, and Upper Cretaceous of Asia and from the Upper Jurassic and Upper Cretaceous of North America. Before now no undisputed troodontids from North America have been reported from the Early Cretaceous.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Herein we describe a theropod maxilla from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah and perform a phylogenetic analysis to determine its phylogenetic position. The specimen is distinctive enough to assign to a new genus and species, Geminiraptor suarezarum. Phylogenetic analysis places G. suarezarum within Troodontidae in an unresolved polytomy with Mei, Byronosaurus, Sinornithoides, Sinusonasus, and Troodon+(Saurornithoides+Zanabazar). Geminiraptor suarezarum uniquely exhibits extreme pneumatic inflation of the maxilla internal to the antorbital fossa such that the anterior maxilla has a triangular cross-section. Unlike troodontids more closely related to Troodon, G. suarezarum exhibits bony septa between the dental alveoli and a promaxillary foramen that is visible in lateral view.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>This is the first report of a North American troodontid from the Lower Cretaceous. It therefore contributes to a fuller understanding of troodontid biogeography through time. It also adds to the known dinosaurian fauna of the Cedar Mountain Formation.
format	article
author	Phil Senter James I Kirkland John Bird Jeff A Bartlett
author_facet	Phil Senter James I Kirkland John Bird Jeff A Bartlett
author_sort	Phil Senter
title	A new troodontid theropod dinosaur from the lower Cretaceous of Utah.
title_short	A new troodontid theropod dinosaur from the lower Cretaceous of Utah.
title_full	A new troodontid theropod dinosaur from the lower Cretaceous of Utah.
title_fullStr	A new troodontid theropod dinosaur from the lower Cretaceous of Utah.
title_full_unstemmed	A new troodontid theropod dinosaur from the lower Cretaceous of Utah.
title_sort	new troodontid theropod dinosaur from the lower cretaceous of utah.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/93950adb974f4486b27df70f473d2c63
work_keys_str_mv	AT philsenter anewtroodontidtheropoddinosaurfromthelowercretaceousofutah AT jamesikirkland anewtroodontidtheropoddinosaurfromthelowercretaceousofutah AT johnbird anewtroodontidtheropoddinosaurfromthelowercretaceousofutah AT jeffabartlett anewtroodontidtheropoddinosaurfromthelowercretaceousofutah AT philsenter newtroodontidtheropoddinosaurfromthelowercretaceousofutah AT jamesikirkland newtroodontidtheropoddinosaurfromthelowercretaceousofutah AT johnbird newtroodontidtheropoddinosaurfromthelowercretaceousofutah AT jeffabartlett newtroodontidtheropoddinosaurfromthelowercretaceousofutah
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A new troodontid theropod dinosaur from the lower Cretaceous of Utah.

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