Stress modulates instrumental learning performances in horses (Equus caballus) in interaction with temperament.

The present study investigates how the temperament of the animal affects the influence of acute stress on the acquisition and reacquisition processes of a learning task. After temperament was assessed, horses were subjected to a stressor before or after the acquisition session of an instrumental tas...

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Autores principales:	Mathilde Valenchon, Frédéric Lévy, Armelle Prunier, Chantal Moussu, Ludovic Calandreau, Léa Lansade
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/93c178789b414146b277d456ff15c006
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:93c178789b414146b277d456ff15c0062021-11-18T07:48:17ZStress modulates instrumental learning performances in horses (Equus caballus) in interaction with temperament.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0062324https://doaj.org/article/93c178789b414146b277d456ff15c0062013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23626801/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The present study investigates how the temperament of the animal affects the influence of acute stress on the acquisition and reacquisition processes of a learning task. After temperament was assessed, horses were subjected to a stressor before or after the acquisition session of an instrumental task. Eight days later, horses were subjected to a reacquisition session without any stressor. Stress before acquisition tended to enhance the number of successes at the beginning of the acquisition session. Eight days later, during the reacquisition session, contrary to non-stressed animals, horses stressed after acquisition, and, to a lesser extent, horses stressed before acquisition, did not improve their performance between acquisition and reacquisition sessions. Temperament influenced learning performances in stressed horses only. Particularly, locomotor activity improved performances whereas fearfulness impaired them under stressful conditions. Results suggest that direct exposure to a stressor tended to increase acquisition performances, whereas a state of stress induced by the memory of a stressor, because it has been previously associated with the learning context, impaired reacquisition performances. The negative effect of a state of stress on reacquisition performances appeared to be stronger when exposure to the stressor occurred after rather than before the acquisition session. Temperament had an impact on both acquisition and reacquisition processes, but under stressful conditions only. These results suggest that stress is necessary to reveal the influence of temperament on cognitive performances.Mathilde ValenchonFrédéric LévyArmelle PrunierChantal MoussuLudovic CalandreauLéa LansadePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 4, p e62324 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mathilde Valenchon Frédéric Lévy Armelle Prunier Chantal Moussu Ludovic Calandreau Léa Lansade Stress modulates instrumental learning performances in horses (Equus caballus) in interaction with temperament.
description	The present study investigates how the temperament of the animal affects the influence of acute stress on the acquisition and reacquisition processes of a learning task. After temperament was assessed, horses were subjected to a stressor before or after the acquisition session of an instrumental task. Eight days later, horses were subjected to a reacquisition session without any stressor. Stress before acquisition tended to enhance the number of successes at the beginning of the acquisition session. Eight days later, during the reacquisition session, contrary to non-stressed animals, horses stressed after acquisition, and, to a lesser extent, horses stressed before acquisition, did not improve their performance between acquisition and reacquisition sessions. Temperament influenced learning performances in stressed horses only. Particularly, locomotor activity improved performances whereas fearfulness impaired them under stressful conditions. Results suggest that direct exposure to a stressor tended to increase acquisition performances, whereas a state of stress induced by the memory of a stressor, because it has been previously associated with the learning context, impaired reacquisition performances. The negative effect of a state of stress on reacquisition performances appeared to be stronger when exposure to the stressor occurred after rather than before the acquisition session. Temperament had an impact on both acquisition and reacquisition processes, but under stressful conditions only. These results suggest that stress is necessary to reveal the influence of temperament on cognitive performances.
format	article
author	Mathilde Valenchon Frédéric Lévy Armelle Prunier Chantal Moussu Ludovic Calandreau Léa Lansade
author_facet	Mathilde Valenchon Frédéric Lévy Armelle Prunier Chantal Moussu Ludovic Calandreau Léa Lansade
author_sort	Mathilde Valenchon
title	Stress modulates instrumental learning performances in horses (Equus caballus) in interaction with temperament.
title_short	Stress modulates instrumental learning performances in horses (Equus caballus) in interaction with temperament.
title_full	Stress modulates instrumental learning performances in horses (Equus caballus) in interaction with temperament.
title_fullStr	Stress modulates instrumental learning performances in horses (Equus caballus) in interaction with temperament.
title_full_unstemmed	Stress modulates instrumental learning performances in horses (Equus caballus) in interaction with temperament.
title_sort	stress modulates instrumental learning performances in horses (equus caballus) in interaction with temperament.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/93c178789b414146b277d456ff15c006
work_keys_str_mv	AT mathildevalenchon stressmodulatesinstrumentallearningperformancesinhorsesequuscaballusininteractionwithtemperament AT fredericlevy stressmodulatesinstrumentallearningperformancesinhorsesequuscaballusininteractionwithtemperament AT armelleprunier stressmodulatesinstrumentallearningperformancesinhorsesequuscaballusininteractionwithtemperament AT chantalmoussu stressmodulatesinstrumentallearningperformancesinhorsesequuscaballusininteractionwithtemperament AT ludoviccalandreau stressmodulatesinstrumentallearningperformancesinhorsesequuscaballusininteractionwithtemperament AT lealansade stressmodulatesinstrumentallearningperformancesinhorsesequuscaballusininteractionwithtemperament
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Stress modulates instrumental learning performances in horses (Equus caballus) in interaction with temperament.

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