Signs of mood and anxiety disorders in chimpanzees.

<h4>Background</h4>In humans, traumatic experiences are sometimes followed by psychiatric disorders. In chimpanzees, studies have demonstrated an association between traumatic events and the emergence of behavioral disturbances resembling posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depressi...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Hope R Ferdowsian, Debra L Durham, Charles Kimwele, Godelieve Kranendonk, Emily Otali, Timothy Akugizibwe, J B Mulcahy, Lilly Ajarova, Cassie Meré Johnson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/93f5a03168d74a0cb88c265f3ea5fb66
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:93f5a03168d74a0cb88c265f3ea5fb66
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:93f5a03168d74a0cb88c265f3ea5fb662021-11-18T06:51:53ZSigns of mood and anxiety disorders in chimpanzees.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0019855https://doaj.org/article/93f5a03168d74a0cb88c265f3ea5fb662011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21698223/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>In humans, traumatic experiences are sometimes followed by psychiatric disorders. In chimpanzees, studies have demonstrated an association between traumatic events and the emergence of behavioral disturbances resembling posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. We addressed the following central question: Do chimpanzees develop posttraumatic symptoms, in the form of abnormal behaviors, which cluster into syndromes similar to those described in human mood and anxiety disorders?<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>In phase 1 of this study, we accessed case reports of chimpanzees who had been reportedly subjected to traumatic events, such as maternal separation, social isolation, experimentation, or similar experiences. We applied and tested DSM-IV criteria for PTSD and major depression to published case reports of 20 chimpanzees identified through PrimateLit. Additionally, using the DSM-IV criteria and ethograms as guides, we developed behaviorally anchored alternative criteria that were applied to the case reports. A small number of chimpanzees in the case studies met DSM-IV criteria for PTSD and depression. Measures of inter-rater reliability, including Fleiss' kappa and percentage agreement, were higher with use of the alternative criteria for PTSD and depression. In phase 2, the alternative criteria were applied to chimpanzees living in wild sites in Africa (n = 196) and chimpanzees living in sanctuaries with prior histories of experimentation, orphanage, illegal seizure, or violent human conflict (n = 168). In phase 2, 58% of chimpanzees living in sanctuaries met the set of alternative criteria for depression, compared with 3% of chimpanzees in the wild (p = 0.04), and 44% of chimpanzees in sanctuaries met the set of alternative criteria for PTSD, compared with 0.5% of chimpanzees in the wild (p = 0.04).<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Chimpanzees display behavioral clusters similar to PTSD and depression in their key diagnostic criteria, underscoring the importance of ethical considerations regarding the use of chimpanzees in experimentation and other captive settings.Hope R FerdowsianDebra L DurhamCharles KimweleGodelieve KranendonkEmily OtaliTimothy AkugizibweJ B MulcahyLilly AjarovaCassie Meré JohnsonPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 6, p e19855 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Hope R Ferdowsian Debra L Durham Charles Kimwele Godelieve Kranendonk Emily Otali Timothy Akugizibwe J B Mulcahy Lilly Ajarova Cassie Meré Johnson Signs of mood and anxiety disorders in chimpanzees.
description	<h4>Background</h4>In humans, traumatic experiences are sometimes followed by psychiatric disorders. In chimpanzees, studies have demonstrated an association between traumatic events and the emergence of behavioral disturbances resembling posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. We addressed the following central question: Do chimpanzees develop posttraumatic symptoms, in the form of abnormal behaviors, which cluster into syndromes similar to those described in human mood and anxiety disorders?<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>In phase 1 of this study, we accessed case reports of chimpanzees who had been reportedly subjected to traumatic events, such as maternal separation, social isolation, experimentation, or similar experiences. We applied and tested DSM-IV criteria for PTSD and major depression to published case reports of 20 chimpanzees identified through PrimateLit. Additionally, using the DSM-IV criteria and ethograms as guides, we developed behaviorally anchored alternative criteria that were applied to the case reports. A small number of chimpanzees in the case studies met DSM-IV criteria for PTSD and depression. Measures of inter-rater reliability, including Fleiss' kappa and percentage agreement, were higher with use of the alternative criteria for PTSD and depression. In phase 2, the alternative criteria were applied to chimpanzees living in wild sites in Africa (n = 196) and chimpanzees living in sanctuaries with prior histories of experimentation, orphanage, illegal seizure, or violent human conflict (n = 168). In phase 2, 58% of chimpanzees living in sanctuaries met the set of alternative criteria for depression, compared with 3% of chimpanzees in the wild (p = 0.04), and 44% of chimpanzees in sanctuaries met the set of alternative criteria for PTSD, compared with 0.5% of chimpanzees in the wild (p = 0.04).<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Chimpanzees display behavioral clusters similar to PTSD and depression in their key diagnostic criteria, underscoring the importance of ethical considerations regarding the use of chimpanzees in experimentation and other captive settings.
format	article
author	Hope R Ferdowsian Debra L Durham Charles Kimwele Godelieve Kranendonk Emily Otali Timothy Akugizibwe J B Mulcahy Lilly Ajarova Cassie Meré Johnson
author_facet	Hope R Ferdowsian Debra L Durham Charles Kimwele Godelieve Kranendonk Emily Otali Timothy Akugizibwe J B Mulcahy Lilly Ajarova Cassie Meré Johnson
author_sort	Hope R Ferdowsian
title	Signs of mood and anxiety disorders in chimpanzees.
title_short	Signs of mood and anxiety disorders in chimpanzees.
title_full	Signs of mood and anxiety disorders in chimpanzees.
title_fullStr	Signs of mood and anxiety disorders in chimpanzees.
title_full_unstemmed	Signs of mood and anxiety disorders in chimpanzees.
title_sort	signs of mood and anxiety disorders in chimpanzees.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/93f5a03168d74a0cb88c265f3ea5fb66
work_keys_str_mv	AT hoperferdowsian signsofmoodandanxietydisordersinchimpanzees AT debraldurham signsofmoodandanxietydisordersinchimpanzees AT charleskimwele signsofmoodandanxietydisordersinchimpanzees AT godelievekranendonk signsofmoodandanxietydisordersinchimpanzees AT emilyotali signsofmoodandanxietydisordersinchimpanzees AT timothyakugizibwe signsofmoodandanxietydisordersinchimpanzees AT jbmulcahy signsofmoodandanxietydisordersinchimpanzees AT lillyajarova signsofmoodandanxietydisordersinchimpanzees AT cassiemerejohnson signsofmoodandanxietydisordersinchimpanzees
_version_	1718424307582894080

Signs of mood and anxiety disorders in chimpanzees.

Ejemplares similares