Fast and Reliable Determination of Phthalic Acid Esters in the Blood of Marine Turtles by Means of Solid Phase Extraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Ion Trap/Mass Spectrometry

The presence of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in marine environments is an important issue. These chemicals are able to affect marine organisms, particularly marine turtles, and to act as endocrine disrupters. In this paper, for the first time, a simple and reproducible analytical method based on soli...

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Autores principales:	Ivan Notardonato, Cristina Di Fiore, Alessia Iannone, Mario Vincenzo Russo, Monica Francesca Blasi, Gabriele Favero, Daniela Mattei, Carmela Protano, Matteo Vitali, Pasquale Avino
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	PAEs blood marine turtles <i>Caretta caretta</i> pollution SPE Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/946452a7464c42d5934910344af04677
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:946452a7464c42d5934910344af046772021-11-25T19:08:01ZFast and Reliable Determination of Phthalic Acid Esters in the Blood of Marine Turtles by Means of Solid Phase Extraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Ion Trap/Mass Spectrometry10.3390/toxics91102792305-6304https://doaj.org/article/946452a7464c42d5934910344af046772021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/11/279https://doaj.org/toc/2305-6304The presence of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in marine environments is an important issue. These chemicals are able to affect marine organisms, particularly marine turtles, and to act as endocrine disrupters. In this paper, for the first time, a simple and reproducible analytical method based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) coupled with gas chromatography—ion trap/mass spectrometry (GC-IT/MS) was developed for the extraction of phthalates from the blood of marine turtles. The extraction was obtained by using C<sub>18</sub> phthalates-free as the stationary phase. In order to individuate the best working conditions for the extraction, the adsorption isotherms and breakthrough curves were studied. The overall analytical methodology was validated in terms of limit of detection (LOD, 0.08–0.6 ng mL<sup>−1</sup>), limit of quantification (LOQ, 0.4–0.8 ng mL<sup>−1</sup>), and correlation coefficients (>0.9933). By using this procedure, percentage recoveries ranging from 89 to 103% were achieved. The precision parameters (intra-day and inter-day) were studied, and the obtained values were smaller than 12.5%. These data confirm the goodness of the proposed analytical methodology, which is applied to real samples.Ivan NotardonatoCristina Di FioreAlessia IannoneMario Vincenzo RussoMonica Francesca BlasiGabriele FaveroDaniela MatteiCarmela ProtanoMatteo VitaliPasquale AvinoMDPI AGarticlePAEsbloodmarine turtles<i>Caretta caretta</i>pollutionSPEChemical technologyTP1-1185ENToxics, Vol 9, Iss 279, p 279 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	PAEs blood marine turtles <i>Caretta caretta</i> pollution SPE Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	PAEs blood marine turtles <i>Caretta caretta</i> pollution SPE Chemical technology TP1-1185 Ivan Notardonato Cristina Di Fiore Alessia Iannone Mario Vincenzo Russo Monica Francesca Blasi Gabriele Favero Daniela Mattei Carmela Protano Matteo Vitali Pasquale Avino Fast and Reliable Determination of Phthalic Acid Esters in the Blood of Marine Turtles by Means of Solid Phase Extraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Ion Trap/Mass Spectrometry
description	The presence of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in marine environments is an important issue. These chemicals are able to affect marine organisms, particularly marine turtles, and to act as endocrine disrupters. In this paper, for the first time, a simple and reproducible analytical method based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) coupled with gas chromatography—ion trap/mass spectrometry (GC-IT/MS) was developed for the extraction of phthalates from the blood of marine turtles. The extraction was obtained by using C<sub>18</sub> phthalates-free as the stationary phase. In order to individuate the best working conditions for the extraction, the adsorption isotherms and breakthrough curves were studied. The overall analytical methodology was validated in terms of limit of detection (LOD, 0.08–0.6 ng mL<sup>−1</sup>), limit of quantification (LOQ, 0.4–0.8 ng mL<sup>−1</sup>), and correlation coefficients (>0.9933). By using this procedure, percentage recoveries ranging from 89 to 103% were achieved. The precision parameters (intra-day and inter-day) were studied, and the obtained values were smaller than 12.5%. These data confirm the goodness of the proposed analytical methodology, which is applied to real samples.
format	article
author	Ivan Notardonato Cristina Di Fiore Alessia Iannone Mario Vincenzo Russo Monica Francesca Blasi Gabriele Favero Daniela Mattei Carmela Protano Matteo Vitali Pasquale Avino
author_facet	Ivan Notardonato Cristina Di Fiore Alessia Iannone Mario Vincenzo Russo Monica Francesca Blasi Gabriele Favero Daniela Mattei Carmela Protano Matteo Vitali Pasquale Avino
author_sort	Ivan Notardonato
title	Fast and Reliable Determination of Phthalic Acid Esters in the Blood of Marine Turtles by Means of Solid Phase Extraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Ion Trap/Mass Spectrometry
title_short	Fast and Reliable Determination of Phthalic Acid Esters in the Blood of Marine Turtles by Means of Solid Phase Extraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Ion Trap/Mass Spectrometry
title_full	Fast and Reliable Determination of Phthalic Acid Esters in the Blood of Marine Turtles by Means of Solid Phase Extraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Ion Trap/Mass Spectrometry
title_fullStr	Fast and Reliable Determination of Phthalic Acid Esters in the Blood of Marine Turtles by Means of Solid Phase Extraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Ion Trap/Mass Spectrometry
title_full_unstemmed	Fast and Reliable Determination of Phthalic Acid Esters in the Blood of Marine Turtles by Means of Solid Phase Extraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Ion Trap/Mass Spectrometry
title_sort	fast and reliable determination of phthalic acid esters in the blood of marine turtles by means of solid phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography-ion trap/mass spectrometry
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/946452a7464c42d5934910344af04677
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Fast and Reliable Determination of Phthalic Acid Esters in the Blood of Marine Turtles by Means of Solid Phase Extraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Ion Trap/Mass Spectrometry

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