Flowering Biological Characteristics of Camellia weiningensis Y.K. Li.

This study aimed to investigate the flowering biological characteristics, floral organ characteristics, and pollen morphology of Camellia weiningensis Y.K. Li. These features of adult C. weiningensis plants were observed via light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Pollen viability a...

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Autores principales:	Hongli Wei, Chao Gao, Jie Qiu, Li Long, Biao Wang, Lu Yang, Yang Hu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS) 2021
Materias:	floral organ flowering biology pollen pollination germination rate Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI16024-21 https://doaj.org/article/9469c5b2173a42d9b8d81beb9116ce67
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9469c5b2173a42d9b8d81beb9116ce672021-11-15T19:18:56ZFlowering Biological Characteristics of Camellia weiningensis Y.K. Li.https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI16024-212327-9834https://doaj.org/article/9469c5b2173a42d9b8d81beb9116ce672021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/56/11/article-p1331.xmlhttps://doaj.org/toc/2327-9834This study aimed to investigate the flowering biological characteristics, floral organ characteristics, and pollen morphology of Camellia weiningensis Y.K. Li. These features of adult C. weiningensis plants were observed via light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Pollen viability and stigma receptivity were detected using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazole chloride (TTC) staining and the benzidine–hydrogen peroxide reaction method. C. weiningensis is monoecious, with alternate leaves and glabrous branchlets. Its flowering period lasts 2 to 4 months, and the flowering time of individual plants lasts ≈50 days, with the peak flowering period from the end of February to the middle of March. It is a “centralized flowering” plant that attracts a large number of pollinators. Individual flowers are open for 12 to 13 days, mostly between 1230 and 1630 hr, and include four to six sepals, six to eight petals, ≈106 stamens, an outer ring of ≈24.6-mm-long stamens, an inner ring of ≈13.4-mm-long stamens, one pistil, and nine to 12 ovules. The flowers are light pink. The style is two- to three-lobed and 16.6 mm long, showing a curly “Y” shape. The contact surface of the style is covered with papillary cells and displays abundant secretory fluid and a full shape, facilitating pollen adhesion. The pollen is rhombohedral cone-shaped, and there are germ pores (tremoids). The groove of the germ pore is slender and extends to the two poles (nearly reaching the two poles). The pollen is spherical in equatorial view and trilobate in polar view. The pollen vitality was highest at the full flowering stage, and the stigma receptivity was greatest on days 2 to 3 of flowering. The best concentration of sucrose medium for pollen germination was 100 g/L. The number of pollen grains per anther was ≈2173, and the pollen-to-ovule ratio was 23,034:1. C. weiningensis is cross-pollinated. Seventy-two hours after cross-pollination, the pollen tube reached the base, and a small part entered the ovary. The time when the pollen tube reached the base after pollination was later than that in commonly grown Camellia oleifera. The results of this study might lay an important foundation for the flowering management, pollination time selection, and cross-breeding of C. weiningensis.Hongli WeiChao GaoJie QiuLi LongBiao WangLu YangYang HuAmerican Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS)articlefloral organflowering biologypollenpollinationgermination ratePlant cultureSB1-1110ENHortScience, Vol 56, Iss 11, Pp 1331-1339 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	floral organ flowering biology pollen pollination germination rate Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	floral organ flowering biology pollen pollination germination rate Plant culture SB1-1110 Hongli Wei Chao Gao Jie Qiu Li Long Biao Wang Lu Yang Yang Hu Flowering Biological Characteristics of Camellia weiningensis Y.K. Li.
description	This study aimed to investigate the flowering biological characteristics, floral organ characteristics, and pollen morphology of Camellia weiningensis Y.K. Li. These features of adult C. weiningensis plants were observed via light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Pollen viability and stigma receptivity were detected using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazole chloride (TTC) staining and the benzidine–hydrogen peroxide reaction method. C. weiningensis is monoecious, with alternate leaves and glabrous branchlets. Its flowering period lasts 2 to 4 months, and the flowering time of individual plants lasts ≈50 days, with the peak flowering period from the end of February to the middle of March. It is a “centralized flowering” plant that attracts a large number of pollinators. Individual flowers are open for 12 to 13 days, mostly between 1230 and 1630 hr, and include four to six sepals, six to eight petals, ≈106 stamens, an outer ring of ≈24.6-mm-long stamens, an inner ring of ≈13.4-mm-long stamens, one pistil, and nine to 12 ovules. The flowers are light pink. The style is two- to three-lobed and 16.6 mm long, showing a curly “Y” shape. The contact surface of the style is covered with papillary cells and displays abundant secretory fluid and a full shape, facilitating pollen adhesion. The pollen is rhombohedral cone-shaped, and there are germ pores (tremoids). The groove of the germ pore is slender and extends to the two poles (nearly reaching the two poles). The pollen is spherical in equatorial view and trilobate in polar view. The pollen vitality was highest at the full flowering stage, and the stigma receptivity was greatest on days 2 to 3 of flowering. The best concentration of sucrose medium for pollen germination was 100 g/L. The number of pollen grains per anther was ≈2173, and the pollen-to-ovule ratio was 23,034:1. C. weiningensis is cross-pollinated. Seventy-two hours after cross-pollination, the pollen tube reached the base, and a small part entered the ovary. The time when the pollen tube reached the base after pollination was later than that in commonly grown Camellia oleifera. The results of this study might lay an important foundation for the flowering management, pollination time selection, and cross-breeding of C. weiningensis.
format	article
author	Hongli Wei Chao Gao Jie Qiu Li Long Biao Wang Lu Yang Yang Hu
author_facet	Hongli Wei Chao Gao Jie Qiu Li Long Biao Wang Lu Yang Yang Hu
author_sort	Hongli Wei
title	Flowering Biological Characteristics of Camellia weiningensis Y.K. Li.
title_short	Flowering Biological Characteristics of Camellia weiningensis Y.K. Li.
title_full	Flowering Biological Characteristics of Camellia weiningensis Y.K. Li.
title_fullStr	Flowering Biological Characteristics of Camellia weiningensis Y.K. Li.
title_full_unstemmed	Flowering Biological Characteristics of Camellia weiningensis Y.K. Li.
title_sort	flowering biological characteristics of camellia weiningensis y.k. li.
publisher	American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI16024-21 https://doaj.org/article/9469c5b2173a42d9b8d81beb9116ce67
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Flowering Biological Characteristics of Camellia weiningensis Y.K. Li.

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