Continental Drift and Speciation of the <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus neoformans</named-content> and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus gattii</named-content> Species Complexes

ABSTRACT Genomic analysis has placed the origins of two human-pathogenic fungi, the Cryptococcus gattii species complex and the Cryptococcus neoformans species complex, in South America and Africa, respectively. Molecular clock calculations suggest that the two species separated ~80 to 100 million y...

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Autores principales:	Arturo Casadevall, Joudeh B. Freij, Christopher Hann-Soden, John Taylor
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2017
Materias:	Cryptococcus neoformans evolution fungus Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/946e479e545e41279720a39cd6c9a57d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:946e479e545e41279720a39cd6c9a57d2021-11-15T15:21:47ZContinental Drift and Speciation of the <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus neoformans</named-content> and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus gattii</named-content> Species Complexes10.1128/mSphere.00103-172379-5042https://doaj.org/article/946e479e545e41279720a39cd6c9a57d2017-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00103-17https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT Genomic analysis has placed the origins of two human-pathogenic fungi, the Cryptococcus gattii species complex and the Cryptococcus neoformans species complex, in South America and Africa, respectively. Molecular clock calculations suggest that the two species separated ~80 to 100 million years ago. This time closely approximates the breakup of the supercontinent Pangea, which gave rise to South America and Africa. On the basis of the geographic distribution of these two species complexes and the coincidence of the evolutionary divergence and Pangea breakup times, we propose that a spatial separation caused by continental drift resulted in the emergence of the C. gattii and C. neoformans species complexes from a Pangean ancestor. We note that, despite the spatial and temporal separation that occurred approximately 100 million years ago, these two species complexes are morphologically similar, share virulence factors, and cause very similar diseases. Continuation of these phenotypic characteristics despite ancient separation suggests the maintenance of similar selection pressures throughout geologic ages.Arturo CasadevallJoudeh B. FreijChristopher Hann-SodenJohn TaylorAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleCryptococcus neoformansevolutionfungusMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 2, Iss 2 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Cryptococcus neoformans evolution fungus Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Cryptococcus neoformans evolution fungus Microbiology QR1-502 Arturo Casadevall Joudeh B. Freij Christopher Hann-Soden John Taylor Continental Drift and Speciation of the <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus neoformans</named-content> and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus gattii</named-content> Species Complexes
description	ABSTRACT Genomic analysis has placed the origins of two human-pathogenic fungi, the Cryptococcus gattii species complex and the Cryptococcus neoformans species complex, in South America and Africa, respectively. Molecular clock calculations suggest that the two species separated ~80 to 100 million years ago. This time closely approximates the breakup of the supercontinent Pangea, which gave rise to South America and Africa. On the basis of the geographic distribution of these two species complexes and the coincidence of the evolutionary divergence and Pangea breakup times, we propose that a spatial separation caused by continental drift resulted in the emergence of the C. gattii and C. neoformans species complexes from a Pangean ancestor. We note that, despite the spatial and temporal separation that occurred approximately 100 million years ago, these two species complexes are morphologically similar, share virulence factors, and cause very similar diseases. Continuation of these phenotypic characteristics despite ancient separation suggests the maintenance of similar selection pressures throughout geologic ages.
format	article
author	Arturo Casadevall Joudeh B. Freij Christopher Hann-Soden John Taylor
author_facet	Arturo Casadevall Joudeh B. Freij Christopher Hann-Soden John Taylor
author_sort	Arturo Casadevall
title	Continental Drift and Speciation of the <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus neoformans</named-content> and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus gattii</named-content> Species Complexes
title_short	Continental Drift and Speciation of the <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus neoformans</named-content> and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus gattii</named-content> Species Complexes
title_full	Continental Drift and Speciation of the <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus neoformans</named-content> and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus gattii</named-content> Species Complexes
title_fullStr	Continental Drift and Speciation of the <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus neoformans</named-content> and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus gattii</named-content> Species Complexes
title_full_unstemmed	Continental Drift and Speciation of the <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus neoformans</named-content> and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus gattii</named-content> Species Complexes
title_sort	continental drift and speciation of the <named-content content-type="genus-species">cryptococcus neoformans</named-content> and <named-content content-type="genus-species">cryptococcus gattii</named-content> species complexes
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/946e479e545e41279720a39cd6c9a57d
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Continental Drift and Speciation of the <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus neoformans</named-content> and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Cryptococcus gattii</named-content> Species Complexes

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