Laboratory-Scale Investigation of the Pressurization of T-Junctions in Hydraulic Systems

The increasing frequency of intense rain events will worsen the operational conditions of stormwater systems, including the frequency in which these systems experience pressurization. Unfortunately, there has been limited research on the issue, particularly the pressurization of junctions in stormwa...

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Autores principales:	Leandro C. Pinto, Rutineia Tassi, Jose G. Vasconcelos, Daniel G. Allasia, João P. P. Bocchi, Bruna Minetto, Robson L. Pachaly
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	stormwater systems mixed flows rapid filling pressurization interfaces air pocket entrapment Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/948c926a83dc4289bb78c4aecb67f2a7
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:948c926a83dc4289bb78c4aecb67f2a7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:948c926a83dc4289bb78c4aecb67f2a72021-11-11T19:53:04ZLaboratory-Scale Investigation of the Pressurization of T-Junctions in Hydraulic Systems10.3390/w132129702073-4441https://doaj.org/article/948c926a83dc4289bb78c4aecb67f2a72021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/21/2970https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441The increasing frequency of intense rain events will worsen the operational conditions of stormwater systems, including the frequency in which these systems experience pressurization. Unfortunately, there has been limited research on the issue, particularly the pressurization of junctions in stormwater systems that are subject to rapid filling. Past research provided valuable insights on flows in junctions operating either on pressurized or open-channel flow conditions, but did not focus on the transition between these two flow regimes. This work summarizes the results of an experimental investigation that focused on describing the pressurization processes in a junction undergoing rapid filling. The experimental program considered a total of 67 unique combinations, with variables including different slopes of the upstream and lateral pipes, as well as different inflow rates in each one of these conduits. Fast blockage of the flow led to the pressurization process, that was characterized through video-recording and pressure monitoring at selected points along in the apparatus. This innovative research identified for the first time five unique pressurization modes based on the video recordings of the pressurization. The pressurization modes were dependent on the experimental setup, including lateral and main branch flows as well as their slopes. An independent clustering-based analysis of the experimental data was used and confirmed this classification. These results are the first ones of its kind and clearly indicates potential limitations of numerical models in representing flows in the junctions when air pocket entrapment occurs due to rapid filling conditions. Future research should address the limitations of the present experimental work in terms of scale effects, including a wider range of tested flow conditions and slopes, besides different junction geometries with storage.Leandro C. PintoRutineia TassiJose G. VasconcelosDaniel G. AllasiaJoão P. P. BocchiBruna MinettoRobson L. PachalyMDPI AGarticlestormwater systemsmixed flowsrapid fillingpressurization interfacesair pocket entrapmentHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 2970, p 2970 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	stormwater systems mixed flows rapid filling pressurization interfaces air pocket entrapment Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	stormwater systems mixed flows rapid filling pressurization interfaces air pocket entrapment Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Leandro C. Pinto Rutineia Tassi Jose G. Vasconcelos Daniel G. Allasia João P. P. Bocchi Bruna Minetto Robson L. Pachaly Laboratory-Scale Investigation of the Pressurization of T-Junctions in Hydraulic Systems
description	The increasing frequency of intense rain events will worsen the operational conditions of stormwater systems, including the frequency in which these systems experience pressurization. Unfortunately, there has been limited research on the issue, particularly the pressurization of junctions in stormwater systems that are subject to rapid filling. Past research provided valuable insights on flows in junctions operating either on pressurized or open-channel flow conditions, but did not focus on the transition between these two flow regimes. This work summarizes the results of an experimental investigation that focused on describing the pressurization processes in a junction undergoing rapid filling. The experimental program considered a total of 67 unique combinations, with variables including different slopes of the upstream and lateral pipes, as well as different inflow rates in each one of these conduits. Fast blockage of the flow led to the pressurization process, that was characterized through video-recording and pressure monitoring at selected points along in the apparatus. This innovative research identified for the first time five unique pressurization modes based on the video recordings of the pressurization. The pressurization modes were dependent on the experimental setup, including lateral and main branch flows as well as their slopes. An independent clustering-based analysis of the experimental data was used and confirmed this classification. These results are the first ones of its kind and clearly indicates potential limitations of numerical models in representing flows in the junctions when air pocket entrapment occurs due to rapid filling conditions. Future research should address the limitations of the present experimental work in terms of scale effects, including a wider range of tested flow conditions and slopes, besides different junction geometries with storage.
format	article
author	Leandro C. Pinto Rutineia Tassi Jose G. Vasconcelos Daniel G. Allasia João P. P. Bocchi Bruna Minetto Robson L. Pachaly
author_facet	Leandro C. Pinto Rutineia Tassi Jose G. Vasconcelos Daniel G. Allasia João P. P. Bocchi Bruna Minetto Robson L. Pachaly
author_sort	Leandro C. Pinto
title	Laboratory-Scale Investigation of the Pressurization of T-Junctions in Hydraulic Systems
title_short	Laboratory-Scale Investigation of the Pressurization of T-Junctions in Hydraulic Systems
title_full	Laboratory-Scale Investigation of the Pressurization of T-Junctions in Hydraulic Systems
title_fullStr	Laboratory-Scale Investigation of the Pressurization of T-Junctions in Hydraulic Systems
title_full_unstemmed	Laboratory-Scale Investigation of the Pressurization of T-Junctions in Hydraulic Systems
title_sort	laboratory-scale investigation of the pressurization of t-junctions in hydraulic systems
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/948c926a83dc4289bb78c4aecb67f2a7
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Laboratory-Scale Investigation of the Pressurization of T-Junctions in Hydraulic Systems

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