Estrogen Receptors as Molecular Targets of Endocrine Therapy for Glioblastoma

Hormonal factors may participate in the development and progression of glioblastoma, the most aggressive primary tumor of the central nervous system. Many studies have been conducted on the possible involvement of estrogen receptors (ERs) in gliomas. Since there is a tendency for a reduced expressio...

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Autores principales:	Andrea Magali González-Mora, Patricia Garcia-Lopez
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	glioblastoma endocrine therapy estrogen receptors drugs resistance to chemotherapy Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/94a659eca61b4e71bb4b4ba774be4a12
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:94a659eca61b4e71bb4b4ba774be4a122021-11-25T17:56:21ZEstrogen Receptors as Molecular Targets of Endocrine Therapy for Glioblastoma10.3390/ijms2222124041422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/94a659eca61b4e71bb4b4ba774be4a122021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/22/12404https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Hormonal factors may participate in the development and progression of glioblastoma, the most aggressive primary tumor of the central nervous system. Many studies have been conducted on the possible involvement of estrogen receptors (ERs) in gliomas. Since there is a tendency for a reduced expression of ERs as the degree of malignancy of such tumors increases, it is important to understand the role of these receptors in the progression and treatment of this disease. ERs belong to the family of nuclear receptors, although they can also be in the plasmatic membrane, cytoplasm and mitochondria. They are classified as estrogen receptors alpha and beta (ER⍺ and ERβ), each with different isoforms that have a distinct function in the organism. ERs regulate multiple physiological and pathological processes through the activation of genomic and nongenomic pathways in the cell. Nevertheless, the role of each isoform in the development and progression of glioblastoma is not completely clear. Diverse in vitro and in vivo studies have shown encouraging results for endocrine therapy as a treatment for gliomas. At the same time, many questions have arisen concerning the nature of ERs as well as the mechanism of action of the proposed drugs. Hence, the aim of the current review is to describe the drugs that could possibly be utilized in endocrine therapy for the treatment of high-grade gliomas, analyze their interaction with ERs, and explore the involvement of these drugs and receptors in resistance to standard chemotherapy.Andrea Magali González-MoraPatricia Garcia-LopezMDPI AGarticleglioblastomaendocrine therapyestrogen receptorsdrugsresistance to chemotherapyBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12404, p 12404 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	glioblastoma endocrine therapy estrogen receptors drugs resistance to chemotherapy Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	glioblastoma endocrine therapy estrogen receptors drugs resistance to chemotherapy Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Andrea Magali González-Mora Patricia Garcia-Lopez Estrogen Receptors as Molecular Targets of Endocrine Therapy for Glioblastoma
description	Hormonal factors may participate in the development and progression of glioblastoma, the most aggressive primary tumor of the central nervous system. Many studies have been conducted on the possible involvement of estrogen receptors (ERs) in gliomas. Since there is a tendency for a reduced expression of ERs as the degree of malignancy of such tumors increases, it is important to understand the role of these receptors in the progression and treatment of this disease. ERs belong to the family of nuclear receptors, although they can also be in the plasmatic membrane, cytoplasm and mitochondria. They are classified as estrogen receptors alpha and beta (ER⍺ and ERβ), each with different isoforms that have a distinct function in the organism. ERs regulate multiple physiological and pathological processes through the activation of genomic and nongenomic pathways in the cell. Nevertheless, the role of each isoform in the development and progression of glioblastoma is not completely clear. Diverse in vitro and in vivo studies have shown encouraging results for endocrine therapy as a treatment for gliomas. At the same time, many questions have arisen concerning the nature of ERs as well as the mechanism of action of the proposed drugs. Hence, the aim of the current review is to describe the drugs that could possibly be utilized in endocrine therapy for the treatment of high-grade gliomas, analyze their interaction with ERs, and explore the involvement of these drugs and receptors in resistance to standard chemotherapy.
format	article
author	Andrea Magali González-Mora Patricia Garcia-Lopez
author_facet	Andrea Magali González-Mora Patricia Garcia-Lopez
author_sort	Andrea Magali González-Mora
title	Estrogen Receptors as Molecular Targets of Endocrine Therapy for Glioblastoma
title_short	Estrogen Receptors as Molecular Targets of Endocrine Therapy for Glioblastoma
title_full	Estrogen Receptors as Molecular Targets of Endocrine Therapy for Glioblastoma
title_fullStr	Estrogen Receptors as Molecular Targets of Endocrine Therapy for Glioblastoma
title_full_unstemmed	Estrogen Receptors as Molecular Targets of Endocrine Therapy for Glioblastoma
title_sort	estrogen receptors as molecular targets of endocrine therapy for glioblastoma
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/94a659eca61b4e71bb4b4ba774be4a12
work_keys_str_mv	AT andreamagaligonzalezmora estrogenreceptorsasmoleculartargetsofendocrinetherapyforglioblastoma AT patriciagarcialopez estrogenreceptorsasmoleculartargetsofendocrinetherapyforglioblastoma
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Estrogen Receptors as Molecular Targets of Endocrine Therapy for Glioblastoma

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